Setophoma terrestris
Setophoma terrestris (H.N. Hansen) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, in de Gruyter et al., Mycologia 102(5): 1077 (2010).
≡ Phoma terrestris H.N. Hansen, Phytopathology 19(8): 699 (1929).
Index Fungorum number: IF 514659; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11652, Fig. 1
Description: see Quaedvlieg et al. (2013).
Material considered: see Quaedvlieg et al. (2013).
Fig 1. Setophoma sacchari (MFLU 11-0190 and MFLU 12-2470). a, b Appearance of ascomata on host surface (MFLU 11-0190). c Section through ascomata (MFLU 11-0190). d Peridium (MFLU 11-0190). e Cellular pseudoparaphyses (MFLU 11-0190). f–h Asci with ascospores (MFLU 11-0190). i, j Ascospores (MFLU 11-0190). k Immature conidiomata on living culture (MFLU 11-0190). l Conidiomata on WA (MFLU 12-2470). m Section through conidiomata (MFLU 12-2470). n Section through conidiomata walls (MFLU 12-2470). o, p Conidiogenous cells (MFLU 12-2470). q–s Conidia (MFLU 12-2470). Scale bars: c = 50 µm, d–h, n = 20 µm, i, j = 5 µm, l, m = 100 µm, o = 10 µm, p–s = 5 µm.
Importance and distribution
Setophoma produces Stemphyperylenol which is useful for agricultural industry, and important as a human antifungal compound (Bazioli et al. 2020).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Setophoma produces wide range of compounds. de Medeiros et al. (2015) reported depsides thielavins S-T and lecanorins D-F from the endophytic Setophoma sp. El-elimat et al. (2015) reported cytotoxic polyketides from S. terrestris. Arora et al. (2018) reported production of blennolide K in coculture of Setophoma terrestris and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Bazioli et al. (2020) reported Perylenequinones production by co-culturing Setophoma sp. and Penicillium brasilianum. The authors reported increase production of perylenequinones (stemphyperylenol and derivatives) by Setophoma sp. in the co-cultures in response to the endophytic P. brasilianum.
Setophoma comprises 13 species known on wide range of plants such as Camellia sinensis (Theaceae), Brachypodium sylvaticum (Poaceae), Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae), Cyperus sphaerocephalus (Cyperaceae), Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae), Allium cepa (Amaryllidaceae), Brassica sp. (Brassicaceae), Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae), Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae) and Vernonia polyanthes (Asteraceae). Setophoma has wide distribution including Africa (Senegal and South Africa), Asia (China, Japan), Europe (Belgium), North America (Canada, Mexico) and South America (Brazil). Setophoma terrestris is a common soilborne fungal pathogen of onion (Allium cepa) (Albarracín Orio et al. 2016) and is the causal agent of pink root of garlic in China (Zhang et al. 2019).
References
Albarracín Orio AG, Tobares RA, Ducasse DA, Smania AM. 2016 – Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis ALBA01, a Strain with Antagonistic Activity against the Soilborne Fungal Pathogen of Onion Setophoma terrestris. Genome Announcements 4, e00455–16. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00455-16.
Arora D, Chashoo G, Singamaneni V, Sharma N, Gupta P, Jaglan S. 2018 – Bacillus amyloliquefaciens induces production of a novel blennolide K in coculture of Setophoma terrestris. Journal of Applied Microbiology 124, 730–739.
Bazioli JM, Fill TP, Rocha MC, Malavazi I, Filho ER, de Medeiros LS. 2020 –Perylenequinones production induced by co-culturing Setophoma sp. and Penicillium brasilianum. Phytochemistry Letters 40, 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2020.09.013
de Medeiros LS, Abreu LM, Nielsen A, Ingmer H, Larsen TO, Nielsen KF, Rodrigues-Filho E. 2015 – Dereplication-guided isolation of depsides thielavins S-T and lecanorins D-F from the endophytic fungus Setophoma sp. Phytochemistry 111, 154–62.
El-Elimat T, Figueroa M, Raja H, Graf T et al. 2015 – Biosynthetically Distinct Cytotoxic Polyketides from Setophoma terrestris. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 1, 109–121.
Liu F, Wang J, Li H, Wang W, Cai L. 2019 – Setophoma spp. on Camellia sinensis. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 4, 43–57.
Marin-Felix Y, Hernández-Restrepo M, Iturrieta-González I, García D et al. 2019 – Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3. Studies in Mycology 94, 1–124.
Phookamsak R, Liu JK, McKenzie EH, Manamgoda DS et al. 2014 – Revision of Phaeosphaeriaceae. Fungal Diversity 68, 159–238.
Quaedvlieg W, Verkley GJM, Shin HD, Barreto RW et al. 2013 – Sizing up Septoria. Studies in Mycology 75, 307–390.
Thambugala KM, Wanasinghe DN, Phillips AJL, Camporesi E et al. 2017 – Mycosphere notes 1–50: grass (Poaceae) inhabiting Dothideomycetes. Mycosphere 8, 697–796.
Zhang FB, Zheng HL, Cui WG, Zhang MQ, Yin YS, Cui M, Gao M. 2019 – First Report of Setophoma terrestris Causing Pink Root of Garlic in China. Plant Disease 103, 3, 584–584.
Recent News
Recent paper to be publishedRecent Genus
NeomedicopsisBoeremia
Gangamyces
Recent Species
Leveillina arduinaeEuryachora sedi
Didymellina iridis
