Massarina eburnea
Massarina eburnea (Tul. & C. Tul.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 153 (1883).
≡ Massaria eburnea Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 239 (1863).
Index Fungorum number: IF 191987; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11596, Fig. 1
Description: see Tanaka et al. (2009, 2015); Zhang et al. (2009a, b); Hirayama et al. (2010).
Material considered: see Tanaka et al. (2009, 2015); Zhang et al. (2009a, b); Hirayama et al. (2010).
Fig. 1 Massarina eburnea (IFRD 2006). a Ascomata on the host surface. b Section through ascoma. c Peridium. d Cellular pseudo paraphyses. e, f Asci. g–j Ascospores stained in Indian Ink. Scale bars: a = 500 μm, b = 100 μm, c–j = 20 μm.
Importance and distribution
Massarina is useful for pharmaceutical industry as it produces Sesquiterpenoids which reduce microbial attack by disrupting the microbe’s cell membrane (Oh et al. 2001, Chadwick et al. 2013).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Massarina is reported to produce several chemical compounds. Oh et al. (2001) reported Massarilactones A and B from the freshwater aquatic fungus Massarina tunicata. Abdel-Wahab et al. (2007) reported spiromassaritone, massariphenone and 6-epi-5′-hydroxy-mycosporulone and enalin A from Massarina sp. Yuan et al. (2015) reported a new fatty acid from the endolichenic fungus Massarina sp. Around eleven bioactive compounds have been recorded from M. tunicata (Oh et al. 1999, 2001, 2003).
There are 158 Massarina epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but many species have been transferred to other genera namely Acrocalymma, Anisomeridium, Bertia, Byssosphaeria, Epiphegia, Halomassarina, Helicascus, Lentistoma, Lentithecium, Lindgomyces, Lophiostoma, Lophiotrema, Massaria, Massarina, Massariosphaeria, Metacapnodium, Morosphaeria, Oletheriostrigula, Parabambusicola, Phaeodothis, Phragmoporthe, Pseudopyrenula, Setoseptoria, Tetraploa, Triplosphaeria, Vaginatispora, Wettsteinina, and Zignoella. Massarina has a wide host range such as Acer grandidentatum (Sapindaceae), Archontophoenix sp. (Arecaceae), Calamus sp. (Arecaceae), Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae), Dryas octopetala (Rosaceae), Hypericum sp. (Hypericaceae), Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae), Indigofera sp. (Fabaceae), Licuala longicalycata (Arecaceae), Sambucus sp. (Adoxaceae), Tilia sp. (Malvaceae), Vaccinium myrtillus (Ericaceae) and Vitis sp. (Vitaceae). Massarina is known from Asia (China, Hong Kong, Indonesia (Java), Pakistan, Thailand), Europe (Austria, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland), North America (Canada, Mexico), South America (Venezuela) and the United States (Massachusetts, Michigan). An attempt to re-collect Massarina species from unexplored hosts and regions is needed as only three species have molecular data.
References
Abdel-Wahab MA, Asolkar RN, Inderbitzin P, Fenical W. 2007 – Secondary metabolite chemistry of the marine-derived fungus Massarina sp., strain CNT-016. Phytochemistry 68, 1212–1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.01.020
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Chadwick M, Trewin H, Gawthrop F, Wagstaff C. 2013 – Sesquiterpenoids lactones: benefits to plants and people. International journal of molecular sciences 14, 12780–12805.
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Eriksson OE, Yue JZ. 1986 – Bertiella (Sacc.) Sacc. & Sydow, a synonym of Massarina Sacc. Mycotaxon 27, 247–253.
Hirayama K, Tanaka K, Raja HA, Miller AN, Shearer CA. 2010 – A molecular phylogenetic assessment of Massarina ingoldiana sensu lato. Mycologia 102, 729–746.
Hyde KD, Aptroot A. 1998 – Tropical freshwater species of the genera Massarina and Lophiostoma (ascomycetes). Nova Hedwigia 66, 489–502.
Hyde KD. 1989 – Intertidal fungi from the mangrove fern, Acrostichum speciosum, including Massarina acrostichi sp. nov. Mycological Research 93, 435–438.
Hyde KD. 1995 – The genus Massarina, with a description of M. eburnea and an annotated list of Massarina names. Mycological Research 99, 291–296.
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Oh H, Gloer JB, Shearer CA. 1999 – Massarinolins A-C: new bioactive sesquiterpenoids from the aquatic fungus Massarina tunicata. Journal of Natural Products 62, 497–501.
Oh H, Swenson D, Gloer J. 2001 – Massarilactones A and B: Novel secondary metabolites from the freshwater aquatic fungus Massarina tunicata. Tetrahedron Letters 42, 975–977.
Oh H, Swenson DC, Gloer JB, Shearer CA. 2003 – New bioactive rosigenin analogues and aromatic polyketide metabolites from the freshwater aquatic fungus Massarina tunicata. Journal of Natural Products 66, 73–9.
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Tanaka K, Harada Y. 2003 – Pleosporales in Japan (3): The genus Massarina. Mycoscience 44, 173–185.
Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, Hatakeyama S et al. 2009 – Molecular taxonomy of bambusicolous fungi: Tetraplosphaeriaceae, a new pleosporalean family with Tetraploa-like anamorphs. Studies in Mycology 64, 175–209.
Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, Sato G et al. 2015 – Revision of the Massarineae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Studies in Mycology 82, 75–136.
Tibpromma S, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Bhat DJ et al. 2018 – Fungal diversity notes 840–928: micro-fungi associated with Pandanaceae. Fungal Diversity 93, 1–160.
Yuan C, Li G, Wu C, Wang H, Zhao Z, Lou H. 2015 – A New Fatty Acid from the Endolichenic Fungus Massarina sp. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 51, 415–417.
Zhang Y, Crous PW, Schoch CL, Hyde KD. 2012 – Pleosporales. Fungal Diversity 53, 1–221.
Zhang Y, Fournier J, Crous PW, Pointing SB, Hyde KD. 2009b – Phylogenetic and morphological assessment of two new species of Amniculicola and their allies (Pleosporales). Persoonia 23, 48–54.
Zhang Y, Schoch CL, Fournier J, Crous PW et al. 2009a – Multi-locus phylogeny of the Pleosporales: a taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary re-evaluation. Studies in Mycology 64, 85–102
Zhang Y, Wang HK, Fournier J, Crous PW et al. 2009d – Towards a phylogenetic clarification of Lophiostoma/Massarina and morphologically similar genera in the Pleosporales. Fungal Diversity 38, 225–251.
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