Biatriospora marina
Biatriospora marina K.D. Hyde & Borse, Mycotaxon 26: 264 (1986).
Index Fungorum number: IF 103087; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11465, Fig. 1
Description: see Hyde and Borse (1986); Kolarik et al. (2016).
Material considered: see Hyde and Borse (1986); Kolarik et al. (2016).
Fig. 1 Biatriospora marina (IMI 297768, holotype). a Appearance of ascomata on host substrate. b Section through ascomata. c Peridium d Pseudoparaphyses stained with lactophenol cotton blue. e, f Asci with ascospores. g, h Ascospores. Scale bars: b, c = 100 μm, d–h = 20 μm.
Importance and distribution
Biatriospora is an ecologically diverse genus and comprises facultative marine taxa. There are seven Biatriospora epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but five species have been transferred to Nigrograna. Biatriospora comprises two species, B. borsei known on Avicennia marina (Acanthaceae) in Asia (India). Biatriospora marina is known on Avicennia alba (Acanthaceae) and Sonneratia acida (Lythraceae) in Asia (China and India).
Industrial relevance and applications
Biatriospora produces a wide range of compounds such as ascomycone B and 6-deoxyfusarubin which shows toxicity on human cell lines beneficial in treating cancer patients (Stodůlková et al. 2014). Biatriosporin D shows anti-virulence activity by decreasing the intracellular cAMP levels (Zhang et al. 2017).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Biatriospora is an efficient producer of secondary metabolites and chemical compounds. Stodůlková et al. (2014) reported several chemicals from Biatriospora sp. such as naphthoquinone derivatives namely 6-deoxyanhydrofusarubine, 6-deoxybostrycoidine, 6-deoxyfusarubine, ascomycone A, ascomycone B, herbarine and balticol A, one derivative of 2-azaanthraquinone and other natural pyranonaphthoquinones such as pleorubrin A, pleorubrin B, pleorubrin C and pleorubrin D. Zhou et al. (2016) reported heptaketides, biatriosporins A-L, biatriosporin M (a ramulosin derivative), and other compounds from an endolichenic Biatriospora sp. Kuroda et al. (2018) reported the chemical phomactins Q–V from marine-derived fungus Biatriospora sp.
References
Hyde KD, Borse BD. 1986 – Marine fungi from Seychelles V. Biatriospora marina gen. et sp. nov. from mangrove wood. Mycotaxon 26, 263–270.
Kohlmeyer J, Schatz S. 1985 – Aigialus gen. nov. (Ascomycetes) with two new marine species from mangroves. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 85, 699–707.
Kolařík M, Spakowicz DJ, Gazis R, Shaw J et al. 2017 – Biatriospora (Ascomycota: Pleosporales) is an ecologically diverse genus including facultative marine fungi and endophytes with biotechnological potential. Plant Systematics and Evolution 303, 35–50.
Kuroda Y, Nicacio KJ, da Silva-Jr IA, Leger PR et al. 2018 – Isolation, synthesis, and bioactivity studies of phomactin terpenoids. Nature Chemisty 10, 938–945.
Stodůlková E, Man P, Kuzma M, Jan Černý et al. 2015 – A highly diverse spectrum of naphthoquinone derivatives produced by the endophytic fungus Biatriospora sp. CCF 4378. Folia Microbiologica 60, 259–267.
Zhang M, Chang W, Shi H, Zhou Y et al. 2017 – Biatriosporin D displays anti-virulence activity through decreasing the intracellular cAMP levels. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1, 104-112.
Zhou YH, Zhang M, Zhu RX, Zhang JZ et al. 2016 – Heptaketides from an Endolichenic Fungus Biatriospora sp. and Their Antifungal Activity. Journal of Natural Products 23, 2149–57.
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