Dothiora pyrenophora
Dothiora pyrenophora (Fr.) Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Sectio Post. (Stockholm): 418 (1849).
≡ Dothidea pyrenophora Fr., K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl., ser. 3 40: 88 (1819).
Index Fungorum number: IF 220814; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00079, Fig. 1
Description: see Thambugala et al. (2014); Crous and Groenewald (2017).
Material considered: see Thambugala et al. (2014); Crous and Groenewald (2017).
Fig. 1 Dothiora pyrenophora (BPI 674269, re-illustrated from Fig. 6 in Thambugala et al. 2014). a Herbarium label. b Ascostromata on host surface. c Cross section through ascostroma and peridium. d Peridium. e, f Immature and mature asci. g–i Muriform ascospores. j Conidia associated with base of ascostromata. Scale bars: b, c = 200 μm, d, g–j = 20 μm, e, f = 50 μm.
Importance and distribution
Dothiora species are saprobic or pathogenic on various host. There are 66 Dothiora epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been synonymized and transferred to other genera such as Botryosphaeria, Diplodia, Myriangium, Protoscypha, Saccothecium, Sphaerographium and Sydowia. Dothiora comprises 51 species known on various host plants such as Acer opulifolium (Sapindaceae), Agapanthus sp. (Amaryllidaceae), Arbutus unedo (Ericaceae), Bupleurum fruticosum (Apiaceae), Buxus sempervirens (Buxaceae), Ceratonia siliqua (Fabaceae), Coronilla emerus (Fabaceae), Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae), Daphne cannabina (Thymelaeaceae), Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae), Nerium oleander (Apocynaceae), Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Pinaceae), Prunus padus (Rosaceae), Rhamnus alpina (Rhamnaceae), Salix appendiculata (Salicaceae), Vaccinium uliginosum (Ericaceae) amongst others. Dothiora has wide geographical distribution including Asia (India, Iran, Russia, Turkey), Europe (France, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine), North America (Canada), Oceania (Australia) and South Africa.
Quarantine significance
Dothiora is in the quarantine protocol for Australia as it causes disease on apple and pear mainly found on limbs and twigs (Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 1999).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Dothiora produces several chemicals such as hormonemate derivatives (Pérez-Bonilla et al. 2017).
References
Australia. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 1999 – Annual report. Available at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2141194326 Accessed on 24 October 2023.
Barr ME.1987 – Prodomus to class Loculoascomycetes. Publ. by the author, Amherst.
Crous PW, Groenewald JZ. 2017 – The Genera of Fungi - G 4: Camarosporium and Dothiora. IMA fungus 8, 131–152.
Crous PW, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Wingfield MJ, Carnegie AJ et al. 2018 – Fungal Planet description sheets: 785–867. Persoonia 41, 238–417.
Froidevaux L. 1972 – Contribution à l’étude des Dothioracées (Ascomycètes). Nova Hedwigia 23, 679–734.
Hawksworth DL, Kirk PM, Sutton BC, Pegler DN. 1995 – Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi (8 Edn). CAB International.
Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2020a – Refined families of Dothideomycetes: Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. Mycosphere 11,1553–2107.
Lindau. 1897 – Engler Prantl Nat Pflanzenfam Teil I (Leipzig) 1, 373.
Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf SM. 2010 – Outline of Ascomycota–2009. Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences 1, 1–60.
Perez-Bonilla M, Gonzalez-Menendez V, Pérez-Victoria I, de Pedro N et al. 2017 – Hormonemate Derivatives from Dothiora sp., an Endophytic Fungus. Journal of Natural Products 80, 845–853.
Saccardo PA. 1889 – Sylloge Fungorum 8, 764.
Sivanesan A. 1984 – The bitunicate ascomycetes and their anamorphs. J Cramer.
Thambugala K, Ariyawansa H, Li Y, Boonmee S et al. 2014 – Dothideales. Fungal diversity 68, 105–158.
Theissen F, Sydow H. 1915 – Die Dothideales. Kritisch-systematische riginaluntersuchungen. Annales Mycologici 13, 147–746.
Theissen F, Sydow H. 1917 – Synoptische Tafeln. Annales Mycologici 15, 389–491.
von Arx JA, Müller E. 1975 – A re-evaluation of the bitunicate Ascomycetes with keys to families and genera. Studies in Mycology 9, 1–159.
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