Dilophospora
Citation: Pem D et al. (2019) Mycosphere Notes 275-324: A morphotaxonomic revision and typification of obscure Dothideomycetes genera (incertae sedis). Mycosphere 10(1), 1115–1246
Dilophospora Desm., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2 14: 6 (1840)
Pathogenic on the surface of living leaves. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Conidiomata stromatic, varying from pycnidioid to indeterminate, subepidermal, immersed, uni- to plurilocular, locules sometimes tortuous, dark brown to brown, glabrous, wall of textura angularis or textura globulosa, occasionally of textura prismatica, cells thick-walled, dark brown to brown in the outer layers, becoming thin-walled and paler towards the conidial hymenium. Conidiophores ascending from the inner layers lining the conidioma, or at the base and extending part way up the side walls, rarely septate and intermittently branched, frequently reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, with percurrent proliferations, and with apical periclinal thickenings. Conidia cylindrical to fusoid with an acute or blunt apex and a truncate base, straight or slightly curved, 3–4-euseptate, with hyaline apical cell, other cells hyaline, with smooth wall, with or without constrictions at septa, with multiple apical appendages, each arising as a tubular extension of the apical cell, not separated from a septum, appendages with 2–4 narrow, attenuated, flexuous, divergent branches, basal appendage tubular, single, branched, exogenous, filiform, flexuous.
Type species – Dilophospora alopecuri (Fr.) Fr.
Notes – The asexual genus Dilophospora was introduced by Desmazières (1840) for the pathogenic fungus D. graminis (= D. alopecuri) occurring on wide range of grasses in Europe and previously described by Fries (1828) under the name Sphaeria alopecuri. This was followed by Grove (1935). Later, the species was transferred to the genus Dilophospora under the name of Dilophosphora alopecuri Fries. The genus is characterized by stromatic conidiomata, a conidiomatal cell wall of textura angularis, conidiophores with percurrent proliferations and cylindrical to fusoid conidia with an acute or blunt apex and a truncate base with multiple apical appendages. Currently, two species are accepted in the genus. The sexual morph is unknown. Cultures and sequences are unavailable. An examination of the specimen and descriptions of Dilophospora alopecuri is provided below. The species in the genus Dilophospora are similar to those in Sporocadaceae in having unique appendage bearing conidia. The stromatic conidiomata, peridium of textura globulosa and textura prismatica of Dilophospora alopecuri fits well with species in Sporocadaceae. Therefore, based on various morphological similarities, we place the genus Dilophospora in Sporocadaceae (Amphisphaeriales, Sordariomycetes).
References
Desmazières JBHJ. 1840 – Notice sur quelques plantes cryptogames nouvelles découvertes en France, qui vont paraître en nature dans la collection publiée par l'auteur. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique 13, 181–190.
Fries EM. 1828 – Elenchus Fungorum, sistens Commentarium in Systema Mycologicum. Greifswald, Sumptibus Ernesti Mauritii 1, i, 1–238.
Grove WB. 1935 – British Stem and Leaf-Fungi (Coelomycetes). UK, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1: i–xx, 1–488.
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