Thaxteriella
Thaxteriella Petr., Annls mycol. 22(1/2): 63 (1924).
Index Fungorum number: IF 5408; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00189, 10 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), no molecular data available.
Saprobic on dead bark. Mycelium forming a dense velvety subiculum over the surface of the bark, comprising black hyphae. Sexual morph: Ascomata superficially develop on the basal subiculum or slightly embedded, solitary or densely gregarious, globose to turbinate, black, shiny, often with small apical papillae at the central ostiolate apex. Peridium comprising two strata, outer layer of thick-walled, dark brown cells of textura angularis and inner layer of brown cells of textura globosa. The apical region is composed of less thick-walled cells which disintegrate to form an ostiole. Hamathecium cellular, filamentous, branched, anastomosing pseudoparaphyses attached to the hymenium and to the ascomata wall above. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical to broadly clavate or subclavate, thickened at the apex with an ocular chamber, usually with a short pedicel. Ascospores cylindrical to long fusiform, tapering towards the rounded to sub-acute ends, trans-septate, hyaline. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Boonmee et al. 2011).
Type species: Thaxteriella corticola Petr.
Notes: Thaxteriella is characterised by globose, black ascomata developing on a subiculum containing smooth, thick-walled hyphae and bitunicate asci (Bose 1961). Petrak (1953) considered Thaxteriella corticola as a synonym of T. pezizula. Morphologically, Thaxteriella resembles Tubeufia in having similar asexual morph (Samuels et al. 1979) but differs in pigmentation and characters of the peridium (Crane et al. 1998). Crane et al. (1998) considered the type material of T. corticola was lost, but Boonmee et al. (2011) located the type material and provided a modern description. Thaxteriella differs from other genera in Tubeufiaceae in having subglobose, shiny ascomata which become cupulate when dry, a distinct subiculum, and cylindrical to long fusiform ascospores which taper towards the rounded to sub-acute ends. The asexual morph of Thaxteriella is reported as Helicoma (Sivanesan 1984, Hyde et al. 2011, Boonmee et al. 2011) and is polyphyletic.
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