Tenuitholiascus
Tenuitholiascus S.H. Jiang, Lücking & J.C. Wei, in Jiang et al., IMA Fungus 11: 1 (2020).
Index Fungorum number: IF 570581; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08776, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Thallus supracuticular, easily separated from the leaf surface, continuous, smooth, pale green. Algal partner: Phycopeltis, cells rectangular, 8–14 × 3–5 μm, composed of anastomosing filaments lying in one layer and forming regular radial plates or irregular nets. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecia, globose, scattered or clustered, exposed but covered by thin thallus layer up to the ostiole, central part wart-shaped, sometimes basal part broadly spreading to form horizontal plate, greyish black. Involucrellum carbonized, black, 55–125 μm thick. Exciple dense, prosoplectenchymatous, colourless to brown. Interascal filaments: unbranched or simply branched, thin. Asci bitunicate in structure, apex with a non-amyloid rounded, sometimes appearing almost unitunicate in some developmental stages, due to the gradually thinner inner walls clavate to cylindrical, I–, KI–, 8-spored. Ascospores fusiform, 3- septate, colourless. Asexual morph: Pycnidia common, wart-shaped, immersed to erumpent, black. Conidia (microconidia) fusiform, hyaline, nonseptate (adapted from Jiang et al. 2020).
Type species: Tenuitholiascus porinoides S.H. Jiang & J.C. Wei
Notes: Tenuitholiascus is characterised by perithecial, globose ascomata, clavate to cylindrical asci and fusiform, 3-septate, colourless ascospores. The asexual morph is characterised by wart-shaped, immersed to erumpent, black pycnidia and fusiform, hyaline, non-septate conidia. Tenuitholiascus differs from Strigula in having 3-septate, oblong ascospores. Tenuitholiascus also differs from Phyllocratera in having small, 3-septate ascospores. Tenuitholiascus can also be distinguished from Flavobathelium in the external lifestyle with exposed perithecia. Tenuitholiascus also resembles Porina in external morphology, ascospore type, thin-walled asci and unbranched paraphyses but is phylogenetically distinct as the latter belongs to Lecanoromycetes in the order Gyalectales. ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1 DNA sequence data is available for Tenuitholiascus in GenBank. Tenuitholiascus is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus accommodated in its own family Tenuitholiascaceae.
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