Phylloporis
Phylloporis Clem., Gen. Fungi: 41, 173 (1909); Vězda, Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 19: 185 (1984); Jiang et al., Fung. Div. 102: 287.
Index Fungorum number: IF 4070; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08882, 9 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Lichenized on host. Thallus ecorticate, grey-green to grey, supracuticular. Photobiont Phycopeltis. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecia, erumpent to prominent, black or covered by thallus layer, wart-shaped to conical, carbonaceous, ostiolate. Involucrellum present, carbonized. Excipulum prosoplectenchymatous, dark brown to brown-black. Hamathecium comprising 0.5–0.7 µm wide paraphyses, hyaline, flexuous, unbranched. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, shortly pedicellate, with narrow ocular chamber, non-amyloid. Ascospores irregularly arranged to biseriate, fusiform to ellipsoid, hyaline, uniseptate, with thin eusepta and rectangular lumina, smooth-walled, slightly constricted at the septa. Asexual morph: Pycnidia common, erumpent, visible as black dots, often whole thalli only producing pycnidia. Conidia acrogenous, either macro- or microconidia; macroconidia uniseptate, ellipsoid to bacillar, with gelatinous appendages, hyaline; microconidia aseptate, ellipsoid to fusiform, small, hyaline. Chemistry: No secondary substances known (adapted from Hongsanan et al. 2020b).
Type species: Phylloporis phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) Clem.
Notes: Phylloporis is characterised by erumpent to prominent, black ascomata, cylindrical, shortly pedicellate asci and fusiform to ellipsoid, hyaline, uniseptate ascospores. The asexual morph is characterised by erumpent pycnidia, acrogenous, macro- or microconidia withuniseptate, ellipsoid to bacillar macroconidia surrounded by hyaline gelatinous appendages and aseptate, ellipsoid to fusiform, small, hyaline microconidia. Clements (1909) and Vězda (1984) considered Phylloporis as distinct within Strigula sensu lato while Santesson (1952) treated Phylloporis under Porina instead of Strigula. Harris (1995) and Lücking (2008) treated Phylloporis in Strigula based on internal anatomy and ascus type. Hongsanan et al. (2020b) mentioned that Phylloporis is a basally diverging lineage from Strigula sensu lato and its supracuticular development seemed to be a plesiomorphy shared with Flavobathelium and Phyllobathelium while the subcuticular growth of other clades advanced as a single synapomorphy. Hongsanan et al. (2020b) also provided two combinations Phylloporis cinefaciens and P. hypothallina. Phylloporis differs from Dichoporis in having very thin thallus containing a Phycopeltis-like photobiont. Phylloporis is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Strigulaceae. Molecular markers available for Phylloporis include Phylloporis cf. obducta (ITS, SSU, TEF-1) and Phylloporis phyllogena (RPB2, TEF-1).
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