Phyllocharis orbicularis
Phyllocharis orbicularis (Fr.) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & Sérus., in Hongsanan et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-020-00462-6, [133] (2020).
≡ Strigula orbicularis Fr., Linnaea 5: 549 (1830).
Index Fungorum number: IF 836391; Facesoffungi number: FoF08879, Fig. 1
Description: Lichenized on leaves. Thallus corticate, white to grey-green, subcuticular, epiphyllous, margins lobulate. Photobiont Trentepohlia sensu lato Sexual morph: Ascomata 70–90 μm diam., 45–55 μm, perithecia, scattered, erumpent to prominent, dark brown to black, covered by thallus layer, lens-shaped to wart-shaped or conical, carbonaceous, ostiolate, ostiole round. Peridium 9.8–12.1 μm heavily pigmented, carbonaceous. Involucrellum carbonized. Excipulum prosoplectenchymatous, dark brown to brown-black. Hamathecium 2.1–2.5 μm filiform trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, hyaline, flexuose, unbranched or rarely branched and anastomosing. Asci 58.2–69.5 × 10.5–11.4 μm (x̄ = 59 × 11.2 µm, n = 10), 8-spored but sometimes spores break down in halves within the asci, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to narrowly obclavate, short pedicellate, with narrow, non-amyloid ocular chamber. Ascospores 15–17.5 × 4.8–7 μm (x̄ = 16.5 × 5.6 µm, n = 10), irregularly arranged to uni- or biseriate, fusiform to ellipsoid or bacillar, hyaline, multiseptate or muriform, with thin eusepta and rectangular lumina, smooth-walled, slightly constricted at the septa. Asexual morph: Pycnidia 54.9–65.2 μm diam., 40.4–51 μm high, immersed to erumpent, visible as black dots, whole thalli forming pycnidia. Pycnidial wall 4.3–4 μm comprising brown cells of textura angularis. Conidia acrogenous, either macro- or microconidia. Macroconidia 18.5–22.9 × 2.5–3.9 μm (x̄ = 20.9 × 3.3 µm, n = 10), 3–7 septate, filiform, hyaline; microconidia 2.9–4.5 × 1.7–2.9 μm (x̄ = 4.1 × 2.3 µm, n = 10), non-septate, ellipsoid small, hyaline. Chemistry: Unknown.
Material examined: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Oriental Province Yaekama, on tree, 5 July 2009, Damien Ertz (BR5030022370602).
Fig. 1 Strigula orbicularis (BR5030022370602). a, b Herbarium material. c Appearance of ascomata on host substrate. d Appearance of pycnidia on host substrate. e Section through ascomata. f Peridium. g Cellular pseudoparaphyses. h–j Asci. k–n Ascospores. o Section through pycnidia. p Macroconidia. q Microconidia. Scale bars: c, d = 1000 μm, e, o, i, j = 50 μm, f–h, k–n, q = 10 μm, p = 20 μm.
Importance and distribution
Phyllocharis comprises only one lichenized species known on leaves in Europe (France).
References
Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2020b − Refined families of Dothideomycetes: orders and families incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 105, 17–318.
Van den Brink RB, Geesteranus RM, van Steenis CGGJ. 1961− (84) Proposal to conserve the generic name Phyllocharis Diels (Lobeliaceae). Taxon 10, 244–246.
Krishnamurthy YL, Subramanya SK. 2016 – Phenotype and genotype based cladistic analysis of the genus Strigula (foliicolous lichens) present in the Western Ghats region of Karnataka, India. SGEM 3, 317–324.
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