Falciformispora
Falciformispora K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 96(1): 26 (1992).
Index Fungorum number: IF 25457; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08382, 5 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 4 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on dead wood of Aegiceras corniculatum. Sexual morph: Ascomata aggregated, rarely solitary, erumpent to superficial, depressed globose to ovoid, brown to black, ostiolate. Ostiole short papillate, pale brown colored. Peridium comprising 4–6 layers of thick-walled pale brown to reddish brown cells of textura angularis, internally hyaline to light brown, externally merged with the host tissue. Hamathecium long and composed of numerous branched septate pseudo paraphyses and anastomosing above the asci, cellular hyaline pseudoparaphyses embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, broadly clavate to fusoid, with a short thick pedicel, apically rounded and thickened at the apex with an ocular chamber. Ascospores 2-seriateto triseriately arranged, overlapping, hyaline, fusoid to moderately clavate, slightly curved, smooth-walled, 6–7 transverse septate, mostly 6-septate, surrounded by a thin gelatinous sheath longer at the base when compared to apical part, with a single scythe like appendage at the terminal end. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Devadatha & Sarma 2018).
Type species: Falciformispora lignatilis K.D. Hyde
Notes: Falciformispora is characterised by erumpent to superficial, depressed globose to ovoid ascomata, broadly clavate to fusoid asci and fusoid to moderately clavate ascospores surrounded by a thin gelatinous sheath. Falciformispora resembles Setosphaeria, but can be differentiated based on its hyaline ascospores (Raja & Shearer 2008). Suetrong et al. (2009) provided a new record of F. lignatilis from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) in Thailand. Suetrong et al. (2011) and Hyde et al. (2013) included Falciformispora in Trematosphaeriaceae based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses. Devadatha and Sarma (2018) recorded F. lignatilis on dead wood of Aegiceras corniculatum from Muthupet mangroves, south-east coast of India. Falciformispora is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Trematosphaeriaceae. Molecular markers available for Falciformispora are ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF-1 and RPB2.
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