Verruculina
Verruculina Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Mycol. Res. 94(5): 689 (1990).
Index Fungorum number: IF 25469; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06535, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on wood in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata subglobose, ampulliform or depressed ellipsoidal, black, carbonaceous, partly or completely immersed, clypeate, solitary, ostiolate, papillate. Ostioles periphysate. Peridium one stratum, composed of about six or more layers of irregular roundish or elongate, thick-walled cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising septate, rarely branched pseudoparaphyses. Asci thick-walled, bitunicate, 8-spored, cylindrical, persistent, pedicellate, fissitunicate, with a faint apical apparatus. Ascospores 2-seriate, ellipsoidal, dark-brown, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, verrucose to verruculose, sometimes with a distinct small, hyaline tubercle at each apex, probably a germ pore. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Jayasiri et al. 2019).
Type species: Verruculina enalia Kohlm. & Volkm-Kohlm.
Notes: Verruculina is characterised by subglobose, ampulliform or depressed ellipsoidal ascomata, 8-spored, cylindrical asci and ellipsoidal, dark-brown, uniseptate verrucose to verruculose ascospores. Verruculina enalia was reported from Rhizophora mangle, R. racemosa and Phragmites sp. (Kohlmeyer & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1990, Suetrong et al. 2009). Jayasiri et al. (2019) documented a new record of V. enalia from Pandanus sp. in Thailand. Hongsanan et al. (2020a) provided a new host record of V. enalia on Avicennia marina (Acanthaceae). Verruculina is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Testudinaceae. Molecular markers available for Verruculina are ITS, LSU, SSU, BTUB, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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