Pleosporales » Sporormiaceae » Sporormiella

Sporormiella nigropurpurea

Sporormiella nigropurpurea Ellis & Everh., N. Amer. Pyren. (Newfield): 136 (1892).

           Index Fungorum number: IF 415062; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11726, Fig. 1

Description: see Ahmed and Cain (1972).

Material considered: see Ahmed and Cain (1972).

Fig. 1 Sporormiella nigropurpurea (Ell. & Ev. type, NY, re-drawn from Figs. 53–55 in Ahmed and Cain 1972). a Perithecium. b Ascus. c Ascospores. Scale bars: a = 100 μm, b = 10 μm, c = 5 μm.

Importance and distribution

Krohn (1992) found an antifungal and herbicidal Lanostane Lactone from Sporormiella australis. Hatori et al. (2004) reported a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor by S. minima. Mudur et al. (2006) found Sporminarins A and B which have antifungal activities from S. minimoides.

 

Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications

Sporormiella produces several chemicals. Leyte-Lugo et al. (2013) reported Calmodulin inhibitors from the endophytic taxon S. minimoides. Other compounds reported from S. minimoides include 4,9-dimethoxy-7-methyl-1H,6 H-benzo[de]isochromene-1,6-dione,4-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethoxy-7-methyl-1H,3H-benzo[de]isochromen-1-one 5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-8-methylnaphthoquinone, brocaenol B, corymbiferone and ziganein (Leyte-Lugo et al. 2013). Xiong et al. (2014) reported Sporormiellin A, a tetrahydrofuran-fused furochromone with an unprecedented tetracyclic skeleton. Yang et al. (2016) reported a Xanthone Glycoside from the Endolichenic fungus S. irregularis. Huang et al. (2020) reported other compounds such as spororrminone A, 1, (S)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-2-((S)-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl) chroman-7-carboxylic acid), 2, (R)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-2-((S)-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl) chroman-7-carboxylic acid) and 2-epi-spororrminone A from the endolichenic S. irregularis.

 

There are 87 Sporormiella epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to Preussia. Sporormiella comprises 58 species known on Arundo donax (Poaceae), Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae), Cordia obliqua (Boraginaceae), Cynodon nlemfuensis (Poaceae), Ephedra nebrodensis (Ephedraceae), Forsythia suspensa (Oleaceae), Lagerstroemia parviflora (Lythraceae), Naringi crenulata (Rutaceae), Olea europaea (Oleaceae), Phragmites australis (Poaceae), Quercus ilex (Fagaceae), Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae), Scirpus maritimus (Cyperaceae), Stipa tenacissima (Poaceae), Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae), Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae). Sporormiella is reported from Africa (Kenya), Asia (China, Hong Kong, India), Europe (Balearic Islands, England, Poland, Spain) and South America (Ecuador).

 

References

Ahmed SI, Cain RF. 1972 – Revision of the genera Sporormia and Sporormiella. Canadian Journal of Botany 50, 419–478.

Barr ME. 2000 – Notes on coprophilous bitunicate ascomycetes. Mycotaxon 76, 105–112.

Cain RF. 1961– Studies of coprophilous ascomycetes VII. Preussia. Canadian Journal of Botany 39, 1633–1666.

Hatori H, Shibata T, Tsurumi Y, Nakanishi T et al. 2004 – FR171456, a novel cholesterol synthesis inhibitor produced by Sporormiella minima No. 15604. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties. The Journal of antibiotics 57, 253–259.

Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2020a – Refined families of Dothideomycetes: Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. Mycosphere 11,1553–2107.

Huang MJ, Li YJ, Tang J, Chen GD et al. 2020 – Spororrminone A and 2-epi-spororrminone A, two new chromones from an endolichenic fungus Sporormiella irregularis.  Natural Product Research 34, 3117–3124.

Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Liu JK, Ariyawansa H et al. 2013 – Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 63, 1–313.

Krohn K, Ludewig K, Jones PG, Döring D, Aust HJ, Draeger S, Schulz B. 1992 – Biologically Active Metabolites From Fungi, 21 an Antifungal and Herbicidal Lanostane Lactone From Sporormiella Australis. Natural Product Letters 1, 29–32.

Leyte-Lugo M, Figueroa M, González MdC, Glenn AE, González-Andrade M, Mata R. 2013 – Metabolites from the entophytic fungus Sporormiella minimoides isolated from Hintonia latiflora. Phytochemistry 96, 273–278.

Mudur S, Gloer J, Wicklow D. 2006 – Sporminarins A and B: Antifungal Metabolites from a Fungicolous Isolate of Sporormiella minimoides. The Journal of antibiotics 59, 500–506.

Xiong H, Xiao GK, Chen GD, Chen H et al. 2014 – Sporormiellin A, the First Tetrahydrofuran-Fused Furochromone with an Unprecedented Tetracyclic Skeleton from Sporormiella minima. The Royal Society of Chemistry Advances 4, 24295–24299.

Yang BJ, Chen GD, Li YJ, Hu D, Guo LD, Xiong P, Gao H. 2016 – A New Xanthone Glycoside from the Endolichenic Fungus Sporormiella irregularis. Molecules 21, 764. 

Zhang Y, Crous PW, Schoch CL, Hyde KD. 2012 – Pleosporales. Fungal Diversity 53, 1–221.

 

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