Roussoellopsis
Roussoellopsis I. Hino & Katum., J. Jap. Bot. 40: 86 (1965).
Index Fungorum number: IF 4800; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01778, 3 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on decaying bamboo culms. Sexual morph: Ascostromata immersed under a clypeus or epidermis raised, visible as black, dome-shaped on host surface, solitary to gregarious, centrally ostiolate, multiloculate, cells of ascostromata of brown-walled textura angularis. Peridium composed of 2–3 layers of cells of textura angularis, light brown to brown thin-walled, flattened at the base. Hamathecium comprising numerous, anastomosing, hyphae-like, cellular pseudoparaphyses, branching at the apex, often constricted at the septum, and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate, short to long pedicellate with shallow ocular chamber. Ascospores uni-biseriate, fusiform, thick-walled, 2-celled, constricted at the septum, hyaline, pale brown or yellowish brown. Asexual morph: Melanconiopsis or “Neomelanconium”-like. Conidiomata pycnothyrial, superficial to semi-immersed, subglobose, dark-brown to black, unilocular or multilocular, if unilocular, locules separated by vertical columns of lightly pigmented pseudoparenchyma. Peridium comprising several brown to dark brown layers with cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to annellidic conidiogenous cells, hyaline, cylindrical, smooth, formed from cells lining the inner most layer of the pycnidium. Conidia almost globose, black, aseptate, thick-walled surrounded by an entire gelatinous material (adapted from Liu et al. 2014).
Type species: Roussoellopsis japonica (I. Hino & Katum.) I. Hino & Katum.
Notes: Roussoellopsis resembles Roussoella, but differs in having clavate asci and large fusiform ascospores which are strongly constricted at the submedian septum. Roussoellopsis is also characterised by Melanconiopsis or “Neomelanconium”-like asexual morphs with annellidic conidiogenous cells and aseptate, almost globose, black, thick-walled conidia (Tanaka et al. 2009). Roussoellopsis is a distinct and well-resolved genus in Roussoellaceae. Molecular markers available for Roussoellopsis are ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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