Cytoplea
Cytoplea Bizz. & Sacc., in Bizzozero, Atti Inst. Veneto Sci. lett., ed Arti, Sér. 6 3: 307 (1885).
Index Fungorum number: IF 7902; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01788, 9 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 5 species with molecular data.
Endophytic or saprobic on various host plants. Sexual morph: roussoella-like fide Hyde et al. (1996). Asexual morph: Conidiomata stromatic, immersed, epidermal or sub-epidermal, erumpent at maturity, multilocular, black, ostiolate, indistinct. Conidiomata upper wall composed of sclerotioid, brown-walled cells of textura angularis, extending over the whole area of conidioma, often become as a clypeate. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, ampulliform or short cylindrical, determinate, discrete, hyaline, smooth. Conidia oval to ellipsoid, aseptate, brown, guttulate, thin or thick-walled, verrucose (adapted from Sutton 1980 and Hyde et al. 1996).
Type species: Cytoplea arundinicola Bizz. & Sacc.
Notes: Cytoplea is characterised by stromatic, immersed, epidermal or sub-epidermal conidiomata, enteroblastic, phialidic, ampulliform or short cylindrical conidiogenous cells, and oval to ellipsoid, aseptate, brown, guttulate conidia. Petrak and Sydow (1927) transferred Coniothyrium arundinaceum to Cytoplea as C. arundinacea. Sutton (1980) chose the oldest species, Cytoplea arundinacea as the type species and synonymized Cytoplea arundinicola as a synonym of the former species. This treatment was followed by Verkley et al. (2004). Hyde et al. (1996) suggested that Roussoella hysterioides has asexual morphs in Cytoplea based on cultural studies. Kang et al. (1998) and Verkley et al. (2004) reported that Roussoella hysterioides and Cytoplea hysterioides are phylogenetically closely related. Liu et al. (2014) recorded Cytoplea as a synonym of Roussoella. Wijayawardene et al. (2014c) did not agree with Liu et al. (2014) as the type species Cytoplea arundinicola lacks sequence data. Wijayawardene et al. (2014c) suggested to use both Cytoplea and Roussoella. Cytoplea is a distinct genus in Roussoellaceae. Only ITS sequence is available for Cytoplea hysterioides and LSU and ITS sequence data are available for Cytoplea hederae. Fresh collections and more taxa with sequence data is needed to confirm the taxonomic placement of Cytoplea.
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