Pseudoastrosphaeriella
Pseudoastrosphaeriella Phook., Z.L. Luo & K.D. Hyde, in Phookamsak et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-015-0352-7, [40] (2015).
Index Fungorum number: IF 551141; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01234, 6 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 4 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on bamboo and palms, visible as dark, raised structures on host surface, often with necks. Sexual morph: Ascostromata dark brown, scattered, rarely clustered, solitary to gregarious, immersed beneath host epidermis, erumpent through host surface by papilla, slightly conical to lenticular or hemisphaerical, with flattened base, uniloculate, rarely biloculate, glabrous, coriaceous, ostiolate. Ostioles central, cylindrical, straight to obique, internally periphysate, brittle, carbonaceous, papillate or with short to long neck. Peridium thick-walled, of unequal thickness, composed of small, dark brown to black, pseudoparenchymatous cells, outer layers comprising host cells and fungal tissue, internally arranged in a textura angularis to textura prismatica, poorly developed at the base. Hamathecium composed of dense, filiform, anastomosing, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, embedded in a hyaline gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, clavate to cylindric-clavate, short to long pedicellate, apically rounded, with ocular chamber. Ascospores overlapping uni- to tri-seriate, brown to reddish brown, fusiform to clavate, septate, constricted at the septum, rough-walled, with or without striations, or with longitudinal ridges towards the ends, some with a mucilaginous sheath surrounding the ascospores. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, solitary, immersed, laterally superficial, conical or hemispherical to globose, ostiolate. Pycnidial walls thick walled, of unequal thickness, composed of dark brown to black, pseudoparenchymatous cells, arranged in a textura angularis to textura intricata. Conidiophores arising from the basal cavity, cylindrical, unbranched or branched, reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, phialidic, discrete, hyaline, cylindrical or cylindric-clavate or ampulliform, 1-septate, smooth-walled. Conidia hyaline, globose to subglobose, or oblong, aseptate, smooth-walled (adapted from Phookamsak et al. 2015).
Type species: Pseudoastrosphaeriella thailandensis Phookamsak, Z.L. Luo & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Pseudoastrosphaeriella accommodates astrosphaeriella-like species. Pseudoastrosphaeriella differs from Astrosphaeriella in having hemispherical or dome-shaped immersed ascostromata with short to long necks, peridium comprising small, dark brown to black, pseudoparenchymatous cells, consisting of host cells and fungal tissue in the exterior, internally arranged in a textura angularis to textura prismatica. Astrosphaeriella is usually characterised by erumpent ascostromata with a star-like or rounded flange and small papilla, and the peridium consists of an opaque, black, amorphous, brittle layer. Pseudoastrosphaeriella is a distinct and well-resolved genus in Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae. Molecular markers available for Pseudoastrosphaeriella are ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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