Sclerostagonospora
Sclerostagonospora Höhn., Hedwigia 59(5): 252 (1917).
Index Fungorum number: IF 9830; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01584, 19 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 11 species with molecular data.
Pathogenic or saprobic on host. Sexual morph: phaeosphaeria-like. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, solitary, immersed, uniloculate, globose, glabrous, dark brown to black, ostiole central, with papilla. Conidiomata walls thin, composed of thick-walled cells, arranged in textura angularis, dark brown, inner layers lined with a hyaline cell bearing conidiogenous cells. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, discrete, determinate, ampulliform to irregular, hyaline, smooth-walled, lining inner cavity of conidiomata. Conidia phragmosporous, cylindrical to tapered slightly to the base, obtuse at the apex, with truncate base, pale brown, septate, slightly constricted at the septum, thin and rough-walled, verruculose (adapted from Quaedvlieg et al. 2013).
Type species: Sclerostagonospora heraclei (Sacc.) Höhn.
Notes: Sclerostagonospora is characterised by pycnidial, scattered, solitary, immersed, uniloculate, globose conidiomata, holoblastic, discrete, determinate, ampulliform to irregular, hyaline conidiogenous cells, and phragmosporous, cylindrical to tapered slightly to the base pale brown ascospores. Sclerostagonospora resembles Stagonospora in having pigmented conidia (Sutton 1980; Quaedvlieg et al. 2013). In the phylogenetic analyses of Crous et al. (2008) based on LSU and SSU sequence data, Sclerostagonospora formed a distinct clade with other Phaeosphaeria species. Quaedvlieg et al. (2013) added a new species S. phragmiticola from Phragmites australis (Poaceae) and confirmed the placement of Sclerostagonospora in Phaeosphaeriaceae based on phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, TEF1, RPB2 and BTUB. Quaedvlieg et al. (2013) also reported that the sexual morph of Sclerostagonospora is phaeosphaeria-like. Sclerostagonospora is currently a distinct genus in Phaeosphaeriaceae but is not well-resolved. Molecular data is lacking for the type species. Sclerostagonospora is currently paraphyletic and more collections with DNA sequence data are needed to confirm the status of the genus. Molecular markers available for Sclerostagonospora are ITS, LSU, SSU, BTUB and TEF-1.
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