Pseudoophiobolus
Pseudoophiobolus Phookamsak, Wanas. & K.D. Hyde, in Phookamsak et al., Fungal Diversity 87: 322 (2017).
Index Fungorum number: IF 553922; Facesoffungi number: FoF 03800, 8 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 8 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on herbaceous plants. Sexual morph: Ascomata dark brown to black, scattered, gregarious, semi-immersed to erumpent through the host epidermis, subglobose to hemisphaerical, uni-loculate, glabrous, ostiolate, papillate. Papilla mammiform to oblong, with rounded to truncate apex, composed of several layers of thick, brown to dark brown, pseudoparenchymatous cells, arranged in a textura angularis to textura prismatica, ostiole central, with porelike opening, with or without periphyses. Peridium thin- to thick-walled, of unequal thickness, thin at the base, thicker at the sides towards the apex, composed of several layers of hyaline to dark brown, pseudoparenchymatous cells, arranged in textura angularis to textura prismatica. Hamathecium composed of dense, anastomosing, cellular pseudoparaphyses, embedded in a hyaline gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, short pedicellate, apically roun ded, with well-developed ocular chamber. Ascospores fasciculate, scolecosporous, subhyaline to pale yellowish, elongate-cylindric to subcylindric-clavate, or filiform, with rounded ends, tapered towards lower cells, with a swollen cell, multi-septate, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Undetermined (Adapted from Phookamsak et al., 2017).
Type species: Pseudoophiobolus mathieui (Westend.) Phookamsak, Wanas., S.K. Huang, Camporesi & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Pseudoophiobolus is characterised by dark brown to black, scattered, gregarious, semi-immersed to erumpent ascomata, mammiform to oblong papilla, fissitunicate, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate asci and fasciculate, scolecosporous, subhyaline to pale yellowish ascospores. Pseudoophiobolus is morphologically similar to Ophiobolus in having scolecosporous ascospores, with swollen cells, and glabrous ascomata lacking brown, septate periphyses inside the ostiole. Pseudoophiobolus differs from Ophiobolus in having ascospores that do not split into part spores and subhyaline to pale yellowish, or light brown ascospores. Pseudoophiobolus is phylogenetically closely related to Nodulosphaeria. Phookamsak et al. (2017) accommodated six new species and two new combinations in Pseudoophiobolus based on morphology and phylogeny. Pseudoophiobolus is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Phaeosphaeriaceae. Molecular markers available for Pseudoophiobolus include ITS, LSU and SSU.
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