Amarenographium
Amarenographium O.E. Erikss., Mycotaxon 15: 199 (1982).
Index Fungorum number: IF 7113; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00237, 4 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on marine grasses. Sexual morph: Ascomata semi-immersed to erumpent through host tissue, solitary or scattered, uniloculate, coriaceous, globose to subglobose, black. Ostiole central, with short papilla. Peridium comprising of 3–4 layers of light brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising 1–2 µm wide, cylindrical to filiform, septate, branched, pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical, short pedicellate, with small ocular chamber. Ascospores overlapping, broadly fusiform, 6-septate, widest at the middle cells, hyaline to pale brown, constricted at the septa. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, solitary, immersed to erumpent through host tissue by papilla, uniloculate, ellipsoidal to subglobose, glabrous, brown to dark brown, ostiole central, with papilla. Conidiomata walls thin, composed of thick-walled, reddish-brown to dark brown cells, arranged in textura angularis to textura prismatica. Conidiophores mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells, hyaline to brown, septate, branched. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, ampulliform, rarely cylindrical, hyaline, smooth-walled, produced macro and microconidia. Macroconidia dictyosporous, blasticphialidic, broadly ellipsoidal to clavate or fusiform, brown to dark brown, paler at the ends cells, muriform, septate, smoothwalled, with mucoid appendage at apex. Microconidia amerosporous, blastic-phialidic, hyaline, smooth-walled (adapted from Eriksson 1982, Nag Raj 1989, Phookamsak et al. 2014, Dayarathne et al. 2020).
Type species: Amarenographium metableticum (Trail) O.E. Erikss.
Notes: Amarenographium metableticum was previously known as Camarosporium metableticum which was not congeneric with Camarosporium stephensii, the generic type of Camarosporium at that time (Sutton 1980, Eriksson 1982). Camarosporium metableticum was transferred to a new genus based on morphology (Eriksson 1982). Amarenographium differs from Camarosporium in having longer and branched conidiophores and conidia which have gelatinous appendages (Eriksson 1982, Hodhod et al. 2012). A new species of Amarenographium was introduced by Hodhod et al. (2012) based on DNA sequence data and Amarenographium was found not to be a member of Phaeosphaeriaceae but rather clusters with Pleosporales, genera incertae sedis. Sequence data is lacking for the type species of Amarenographium. Phookamsak et al. (2014) retained Amarenographium in Phaeosphaeriaceae. Amarenographium was considered as a polyphyletic genus in Pleosporales by Wijayawardene et al. (2016) and Wanasinghe et al. (2018). Dayarathne et al. (2020) introduced the first sexual morph of Amarenographium. According to Hongsanan et al. (2020a), Amarenographium is in Phaeosphaeriaceae. Molecular markers available for Amarenographium are ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF-1.
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