Ohleria
Ohleria Fuckel, Fungi rhenani exsic., suppl., fasc. 7(nos 2101-2200): no. 2173 (1868).
Index Fungorum number: IF 3557; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00779, 9 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata scattered to aggregated in large numbers, superficial with base or venter embedded in a black crust or wood, globose to subconical, papillate, black. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, dark. Hamathecium of narrow pseudoparaphyses. Asci cylindrical, 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate. Ascospores brown, fusoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 3-septate, disarticulatng into two parts at the median primary septum. Asexual morph: phoma-like, synanamorph presumably monodictys-like (Adapted from Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, 2016).
Type species: Ohleria modesta Fuckel
Notes: Ohleria was introduced by Fuckel (1868) with O. modesta as type species. Ohleria is characterized by scattered to aggregated ascomata, cylindrical, 8-spored asci and brown, fusoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 3-septate ascospores. Fuckel (1870) defined an aposphaeria- or phoma-like asexual morph of O. rugulosa occuring on natural host. Samuels (1980) synonymized Ohleria adjecta, O. obducens, O. quercicola and O. ulmi with O. modesta and accepted the two other species O. rugulosa and O. brasiliensis in the genus based on morphology of available type materials. Samuels (1980) also transferred some taxa from Ohleria to Sporormia or Preussia based on ascospores features and described a hyphomycetous asexual morph in Monodictys for O. brasiliensis. Ohleria resembles Melanomma in having densely crowded and more or less superficial ascomata, Ohleria forms an aposphaeria- or phoma-like asexual morph (Fuckel, 1870; Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, 2016). Karasch et al. (2005) and Zhang et al. (2012) also provided descriptions for Ohleria modesta. Jaklitsch and Voglmayr (2016) designated a specimen from Fungi Rhenani exsicc. no. 2173, Germany as the lectotype. The diagnostic feature of Ohleria is the disarticulation of the brown ascospores. Other genera which produce brown disarticulating ascospores include members of Colensoniella (Hafellner 1979), Glyphium (Boehm et al., 2015), Delitschia (Luck-Allen & Cain, 1975) and Hypsostroma (Huhndorf, 1992) but all these genera are phylogenetically distinct from Ohleria. Jaklitsch and Voglmayr (2016) pointed out that O. brasiliensis is not congeneric with Ohleria, and interpreted the Monodictys morph as a synanamorph as previously described by Grondona et al. (1997). Ohleria is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct and type genus in Ohleriaceae. Molecular markers available for Ohleria include SSU, ITS, TEF1 and RPB2.
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