Xenostigmina
Xenostigmina Crous, Mycol. Mem. 21: 154 (1998).
Index Fungorum number: IF 27785; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00781, 2 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Associated with leaf spots. Mycelium internal, consisting of hyaline to pale brown, septate, branched, smooth hyphae. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata sporodochial, brown to black. Conidiophores densely aggregated, arising from the upper cells of a pale brown stroma, finely verruculose, hyaline to pale brown, multiseptate, subcylindrical, straight to variously curved, branched. Conidiogenous cells terminal and intercalary, hyaline to pale brown, finely verruculose, doliiform to subcylindrical, tapering to flat tipped loci, proliferating sympodially and percurrent; loci not thickened or conspicuous. Conidia solitary, pale to medium brown, with pale brown apical and basal regions, finely verruculose, mostly straight, ellipsoidal, apex subobtuse, frequently extending into a beak; base truncate at dehiscence, inner part extending later to form a short, subobtuse basal appendage; septation muriform; basal marginal frill present (adapted from Crous et al. 1998).
Type species: Xenostigmina zilleri (A. Funk) Crous
Notes: Xenostigmina is characterised by sporodochial, brown to black conidiomata, terminal and intercalary, hyaline to pale brown conidiogenous cells, pale to medium brown conidia (Funk 1986, Crous et al. 1998, Tian et al. 2015, Hashimoto et al. 2017a). Xenostigmina differs from Stigmina sensu stricto in having Mycopappus synasexual morph (Crous et al. 1998). Crous et al. (1998) showed that Xenostigmina zilleri (CBS 115685) is related to Petrakia echinata (HB 090918.1) based on phylogenetic analyses. Phookamsak et al. (2014c) and Tian et al. (2015) treated Xenostigmina in Melanommataceae based on phylogenetic analyses. Xenostigmina is a distinct and well-defined genus in Melanommataceae. Molecular markers available for Xenostigmina are ITS, LSU, SSU, Actin, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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