Pleosporales » Melanommataceae » Aposphaeria

Aposphaeria pulviscula

Aposphaeria pulviscula (Sacc.) Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 4 (1880).

≡ Phoma pulviscula Sacc., Michelia 1(no. 2): 259 (1878).

           Index Fungorum number: IF 177019; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00757, Fig. 1, 2

Description: see Tian et al. (2015); Tibpromma et al. (2017).

Material examined: see Tian et al. (2015); Tibpromma et al. (2017).

 

Fig. 1 Aposphaeria pulviscula (re-drawn from Sutton 1980, isotype). a Conidia. b Conidiophores. c Vertical section of a conidioma. Scale bars: a = 5 μm, b = 10 μm, c = 20 μm

Fig. 2 Aposphaeria pulviscula ((IMI 202557, isotype). a Herbarium label of Aposphaeria pulviscula. b Vertical sections through peridium. c Peridium. d, e Conidiogenous cells with conidia. Scale bars: b = 50 μm, c = 20 μm, d, e = 5 μm.

Importance and distribution

Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications

Krohn et al. (1996) reported Aposphaerin A and B, two Chroman-4-ones from Aposphaeria sp. There are 113 Aposphaeria epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to other genera such as Aposphaeria, Calophoma, Coniothyrium, Didymella, Epicladonia, Leptosphaeria, Mattirolia, Mazzantia, Melanomma, Microsphaeropsis, Mycosphaerella, Neocucurbitaria, Nigrograna, Paraboeremia, Phoma, Plenodomus and Pseudocercospora. Aposphaeria has a wide host range such as Betula pendula (Betulaceae), Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae), Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae), Fagus sylvatica (Fagaceae), Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae), Nothofagus fusca (Nothofagaceae), Oryza sativa (Poaceae), Phoradendron perrottettii (Santalaceae), Phragmites australis (Poaceae), Pinus contorta var. contorta (Pinaceae), Quercus petraea (Fagaceae), Rubus parviflorus (Rosaceae), Ulmus glabra (Ulmaceae) and Zea mays (Poaceae). Aposphaeria amaranthi is an effective bioherbicide for pigweed (Amaranthus sp.) (Mintz et al. 1991). Aposphaeria has wide distribution in Asia (Malaysia, Myanmar, Russia), Europe (Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Scotland, Finland, Ukraine), North America (Canada (British Columbia)), Caribbean and South America (Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela). Future studies must attempt to collect more species of Aposphaeria as molecular data is available for only two species and the taxonomy of the genus is doubtful.

 

References

Boerema GH, Loerakker WM, Hamers MEC. 1996 – Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) – III-2. Misapplications of the type species-name and the generic synonyms of section Plenodomus (Excluded species). Persoonia 16, 141–190.

De Gruyter J, Woudenberg JHC, Aveskamp AA, Verkley GJM et al. 2013 – Redisposition of phoma-like anamorphs in Pleosporales. Studies in Mycology 75, 1–36.

Farr DF, Bills GF, Chamuris GP, Rossman AY. 1989 – Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. APS Press, St. Paul.

Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David JC, Stalpers JA. 2001 – Dictionary of the fungi, 9th edn. CABI, Wallingford

Krohn K, Michel A, Bahramsari R, Flörke U et al. 1996 – Biologically Active Metabolites from Fungi 7¹); Aposphaerin A and B Two New Chroman-4-ones from Aposphaeria sp. Natural Product Letters 8, 1, 43–48.

Leuchtmann A. 1984 – Über phaeosphaeria miyake und andere bitunicate ascomyceten mit mehrfach querseptierten ascosporen. Sydowia 37, 75–194.

Mintz AS, Weidmann GJ. 1991 – Evaluation of Aposphaeria amaranthi as a Bioherbicide for Pigweed (Amaranthus Spp.). Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 45 , 20. 

Sutton BC. 1980 –The coelomycetes: fungi Imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England.

Tanaka K, Harada Y. 2004 – Pleosporales in Japan (4). The genus Massariosphaeria. Mycoscience 45, 96–105

Tian Q, Liu JK, Hyde KD, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2015 – Phylogenetic relationships and morphological reappraisal of Melanommataceae (Pleosporales). Fungal Diversity 74, 267–324.

Tibpromma S, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Maharachchikumbura SSN et al. 2017 – Fungal diversity notes 491–602: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Diversity 83, 1– 261.

Wang HK, Aptroot A, Crous PW, Jeewon R, Hyde KD. 2007 –The polyphyletic nature of Pleosporales: an example from Massariosphaeria based on rDNA and RBP2 gene phylogenies. Mycological Research 111, 1268– 1276.

 

Recent News

Recent paper to be published

Recent Genus

Nothocladosporium
Phillipsiella
Curreya

Recent Species

Nothocladosporium syzygii
Phillipsiella atra
Curreya conorum