Lophiotrema nucula
Lophiotrema nucula (Fr.) Sacc., Michelia 1(no. 3): 338 (1878).
Index Fungorum number: IF 151729; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11593, Fig. 1
Description:
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Ascomata 200–250 µm high × 200–290 µm diam., solitary or clustered, scattered, immersed to erumpent with basal wall remaining immersed in host tissue, globose, subglobose, black, ostiolate, ostiole with periphysate. Peridium 25–30 µm very thin at the base, composed of heavily pigmented pseudoparenchymatous cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium 1–2 µm of dense, very long pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing and branching between and above asci, embedded in gel matrix. Asci 90–115 × 9–12.5 µm (x̄ = 99.5 × 11.5 µm, n = 10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical, with a short, narrowed, furcate pedicel, with a small ocular chamber. Ascospores 17–25 × 4–5 µm (x̄ = 19.5 × 4.5 µm, n = 10), uniseriate and partially overlapping, broad fusiform, fusiform to narrowly fusiform, with narrowly rounded ends, hyaline, 1–3-septate, deeply constricted at the median septum. Asexual morph: Unknown.
Material examined: Europe, Styria, Austria, Mariatrost District, Graz, on debarked branches of Populus tremula L. (Salicaceae), the lower part of Wenisbucher road in the forest, 14 December 2003, Ch. Scheuer (S, F34501).
Fig. 1 Lophiotrema nucula (S, F34501) a Herbarium specimen. b Ascomata on substrate. c Section through ascomata. d Ostiole with periphyses. e Pseudoparaphyses. f Peridium. g, h Asci. i–l Ascospores. Scale bars: b = 500 µm, c, d = 100 µm, e = 10 µm, f = 20 µm, g, h = 50 µm.
Importance and distribution
There are 103 Lophiotrema epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but most have been transferred to other genera such as Antealophiotrema, Atrocalyx, Didymella, Lophiopoacea, Lophiostoma, Metasphaeria, Pseudolophiostoma, Pseudomassariosphaeria, Pseudotrichia, Vaginatispora and Vivianella. Lophiotrema comprises 38 species known on host plants in Arecaceae, Asteraceae, Betulaceae, Fabaceae, Pinaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Rhamnaceae and Salicaceae. Lophiotrema has been reported from Asia (Turkmenistan), Europe (Norway, Spain, Sweden), North America (Mexico (San Luis), South America (Brazil, Argentina (Mendoza, Tierra del Fuego) and the United States (Colorado).
References
Barr ME. 1990 – Melanommatales (Loculoascomycetes). North American Flora 13(II), 1–129.
Chesters CGC, Bell A. 1970 – Studies in the Lophiostomataceae Sacc. Mycological Papers 120, 55–77.
Hirayama K, Tanaka K. 2011 – Taxonomic revision of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema based on reevaluation of morphological characters and molecular analyses. Mycoscience 52, 401–412.
Holm L, Holm K. 1988 – Studies in the Lophiostmataceae with emphasis on the Swedish species. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 28, 1–50.
Kirk P, Cannon P, Minter D, Stalpers JA. 2008 – Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th edn. CAB International, Wallingford.
Tanaka K, Harada Y. 2003– Pleosporales in Japan (2): Lophiotrema. Mycoscience 44, 115–121.
Yuan ZQ, Zhao ZY. 1994 – Studies on lophiostomataceous fungi from Xinjiang, China. Sydowia 46, 162–184.
Zhang Y, Wang HK, Fournier J, Crous PW et al. 2009 – Towards a phylogenetic clarification of Lophiostoma/Massarina and morphologically similar genera in the Pleosporales. Fungal Diversity 38, 225–251.
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