Vaginatispora
Vaginatispora K.D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 61(1-2): 234 (1995).
Index Fungorum number: IF 27644; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00828, 9 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 6 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on submerged wood in fresh water or herbaceous plants in terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata scattered to gregarious, semi-immersed to erumpent, coriaceous, black, subglobose, ostiolate. Ostiole slot-like, central, periphysate or not, papillate, with a pore-like opening. Peridium wider at the apex and thinner at the base, composed of hyaline to brown textura angularis, cells towards the inside lighter, at the outside, darker, fusing at the outside with the host cells. Hamathecium of numerous, hyaline, septate, cellular pseudoparaphyses, situated between and above the asci, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8- spored, fissitunicate, cylindrical-clavate, with a pedicel, apically round with an ocular chamber. Ascospores mostly 2- seriate, fusiform with acute ends, 1-septate, sometimes euseptate, constricted at the septum, upper cell slightly broader than lower cell, hyaline, with or lacking a mucilaginous sheath or terminal appendages. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Thambugala et al. 2015).
Type species: Vaginatispora aquatica K.D. Hyde
Notes: Vaginatispora is characterised by subglobose, immersed to erumpent ascomata, cylindrical to clavate asci and narrowly ellipsoidal,uniseptate, hyaline ascospores with acute ends and surrounded by a spreading papilionaceous sheath. Zhang et al. (2014) described Lophiostoma vaginatispora and confirmed the placement of Vaginatispora in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis based on LSU and SSU sequence data. Zhang et al. (2014) considered Vaginatispora as a synonym of Lophiostoma but this was not followed by subsequent authors. In the phylogenetic analysis of Thambugala et al. (2015), L. vaginatispora formed a distinct lineage with putative strains of L. fuckelii (MAFF 239458, JCM 17672) and L. alpigenum and hence, the authors accepted Vaginatispora as a separate genus in Lophiostomataceae based on erumpent ascomata, a peridium comprising two strata, ascospores with appendages at both ends and phylogenetic evidence based on LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1. Vaginatispora is a distinct genus in Lophiostomataceae. Molecular markers available for Vaginatispora are ITS, LSU, SSU, BTUB, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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