Neotrematosphaeria
Neotrematosphaeria Thambug., Kaz. Tanaka & K.D. Hyde, in Thambugala et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-015-0348-3, [27] (2015).
Index Fungorum number: IF 551242; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00809, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on dead twigs in freshwater habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary, semi-immersed or slightly erumpent, coriaceous to carbonaceous, black, subglobose, ostiolate. Ostiole rounded, central, broadly papillate, with a crest-like apex and a pore-like opening. Peridium broad at sides, poorly developed at the base, composed of a single stratum, with several layers of dark brown to black, cells of textura prismatica, cells towards the inside lighter and at the outside, darker, fusing and indistinguishable from the host tissues. Hamathecium comprising 1–1.5μm wide, filiform, cellular, pseudoparaphyses, branching above and between asci, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate fissitunicate, cylindric-clavate, with a long pedicel, rounded at the apex, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores uni to bi-seriate, partially overlapping, pale yellowish to olivaceous brown, except at the pale end cells, fusiform, mostly curved, 5(–7)-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, cell above central septum widest, with appendages at both ends. Asexual morph: See notes in Thambugala et al. (2015).
Type species: Neotrematosphaeria biappendiculata (Kaz. Tanaka, Y. Harada & M.E. Barr) Thambugala, Kaz. Tanaka & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Neotrematosphaeria is characterised by solitary, semi-immersed or slightly erumpent ascomata, cylindric-clavate asci, with a long pedicel and pale yellowish to olivaceous brown ascospores. Neotrematosphaeria biappendiculata was first described as Trematosphaeria biappendiculata (Tanaka et al. 2005a). Neotrematosphaeria differs from other genera in Lophiostomataceae in having a peridium with dark brown to black, cells of textura prismatica, and pale yellowish to olivaceous brown, 5(–7)-septate ascospores with globose to conical terminal appendages. Tanaka et al. (2005a) reported that Neotrematosphaeria has a pleurophomopsis-like asexual morph and also suggested that the asexual morph should be considered as a spermatial state since the conidia formed in culture do not germinate. Neotrematosphaeria is a clearly defined genus in Lophiostomataceae. Molecular markers available for Neotrematosphaeria are ITS, LSU and SSU.
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