Shearia
Shearia Petr., Annales Mycologici 22 (1–2): 180 (1924).
Index Fungorum number: IF 9914; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01700, 3 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on dead and living twigs of Magnolia spp. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pseudostromatic, solitary to gregarious, immersed, peridermal to subperidermal, globose to conical, unilocular, dark brown, papillate ostiole, central, circular. Conidiomata wall comprising thick-walled, very dark brown occluded cells, lateral and basal walls composed of peridermal cells and thick-walled, brown cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, annellidic, ampulliform, doliiform or cylindrical, discrete, indeterminate, hyaline, often thick and smooth-walled. Conidia fusiform, base truncate, apex obtuse, with several transverse and laterally distoseptate, continuous, smooth and thick-walled; firstly, enclosed in a gelatinous sheath, depressed at the apex, at maturity remaining as a basal lateral sheath (adapted from Wanasinghe et al. 2020).
Type species: Shearia formosa (Ellis & Everh.) Petr.
Notes: Shearia is characterised by pseudostromatic, solitary to gregarious, immersed conidiomata, holoblastic, annellidic, ampulliform conidiogenous cells, and fusiform conidia with truncate base and obtuse apex. Petrak (1962) considered Stegonsporium formosa Ellis & Everh. as the oldest name and introduced a new name Shearia formosa (Ellis & Everh.) Petr. Sutton (1977) wrongly mentioned Shearia magnoliae as the type species of Shearia. Sutton (1980) considered Pleomassaria magnoliae as the sexual morph of Shearia formosa (as Camarosporium magnoliae). Wijayawardene et al. (2016) examined a specimen of Shearia fusa (HHUF 30474) found on twigs of Magnolia praecocissima var. borealis in Japan. Tanka et al. (2005) reported Shearia fusa from a putative culture of Pleomassaria maxima (current name: Splanchnonema maximum (Ellis & Everh.) M.E. Barr) but Tubaki et al. (1983) reported the asexual morph of P. maxima as Shearia formosa. Sequence data is lacking for P. maxima (= Splanchnonema maximum) hence this sexual-asexual link cannot be verified. Wanasinghe et al. (2020) collected S. formosa from living branches of Magnolia denudata (Magnoliaceae) in China and designated a neo-type based on multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of SSU, LSU, RPB2 and TEF sequence data. Shearia is a distinct genus in Longiostiolaceae. Molecular markers available for Shearia are ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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