Polyschema
Polyschema H.P. Upadhyay, Mycopath. Mycol. appl. 30 (3-4): 278 (1966).
Index Fungorum number: IF 9506; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07745, 19 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 4 species with molecular data.
Saprobic or pathogenic on host. Asexual morph: Colonies floccose, olive brown when immature, becoming dark green to almost brownish black when mature. Hyphae narrow, septate, pale brown, coarsely roughened or smooth. Conidiophores present, arising laterally, erect, unbranched or frequently bifurcated at base, one to four septate, smooth, rarely echinulate, bearing a single conidiogenous cell or a conidium directly at the tip. Conidiogenous cell borne singly, globose, smooth or finely echinulate, hyaline or dark. Conidia solitary or acrogenous on conidiogenous cells one to five in number. Many conidia also borne directly from hyphae, pale brown, sometimes with a distinct hilum. Conidia long, cylindrical, thick-walled, echinulate, 1−)3(−5)-septate, commonly three septate, constricted at the septa with round basal and terminal cells. Sometimes in older cultures conidia showing papillate structures (adapted from Pandeya and Saksena 1978).
Type species: Polyschema terricola H.P. Upadhyay
Notes: Polyschema is characterised by floccose, olive brown colonies, smooth or finely echinulate, hyaline or dark conidiogenous cells and solitary or acrogenous, cylindrical, thick-walled, echinulate, (1−)3(−5)-septate conidia. Several authors added new species to Polyschema (Castañeda et al. 2000; Crous et al. 2015). In the phylogenetic analysis of Crous et al. (2015) based on a concatenated dataset of SSU, LSU and ITS, the type species of Polyschema grouped with P. congolense and P. larviforme within the Pleosporales and was placed in family incertae sedis. Crous et al. (2015b) introduced Latoruaceae to accommodate two hyphomycetous genera isolated from soil, namely Latorua and Polyschema. Polyschema is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Latoruaceae. Molecular markers available for Polyschema are ITS, LSU, SSU and RPB2.
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