Spegazzinia ornata
Spegazzinia ornata Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 172 (1880).
Index Fungorum number: IF 197179; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11544, Fig. 1
Description: see Thambugala et al. (2017), Mena-Portales et al. (2017).
Material considered: see Thambugala et al. (2017), Mena-Portales et al. (2017).
Fig. 1 Spegazzinia spp. (a–g Spegazzinia deightonii, MFLU 19-2908). a Appearance of colonies on host substrate. b, c Conidiophore and conidia. d–g Conidia. (h–l Spegazzinia musae, MFLU 19-2907, holotype). h Appearance of colonies on host substrate. i–l Conidia. Scale bars: b, i = 20 μm, c = 50 μm, d–g, j–l = 10 μm, h = 200 μm.
Importance and distribution
Spegazzinia species are mainly saprobic for example, Spegazzinia sp. occurs on branch litter of rubber (Seephueak et al. 2012). Spegazzinia bromeliacearum is a leaf endophyte occurring in Tilandsia catimbauensis (Bromeliaceae) (Crous et al. 2019).
Quarantine significance
Spegazzinia is listed as the most toxic molds and allergens by Crane Environmental Services (2016).
There are 18 Spegazzinia epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to Isthmospora and Sporidesmium. Spegazzinia comprises 14 species known on host plants such as Andropogon glomeratus (Poaceae), Areca catechu (Arecaceae), Bambusa vulgaris (Poaceae), Calathea makoyana (Marantaceae), Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae), Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae), Musa sp. (Poaceae), Panicum maximum (Poaceae), Phoenix hanceana (Arecaceae), Quercus xalapensis (Fagaceae) and Tillandsia sp. (Bromeliaceae). Spegazzinia has wide geographical distribution including Africa (Ghana), Asia (China (Taiwan), Hong Kong, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand), Australia, Caribbean (Cuba, Trinidad and Tobago), Europe (Spain), North America (Mexico), South America (Venezuela)and many more.
References
Crane Environmental Services. 2016 – Mold Descriptions. https://www.crane-es.com/mold-descriptions
Crous PW, Carnegie AJ, Wingfield MJ, Sharma R et al. 2019 – Fungal Planet description sheets: 868–950. Persoonia 42, 291–473.
Hughes SJ. 1953 – Conidiophores, conidia and classification. Canadian Journal of Botany 31, 577–659.
Hyde KD, Goh KT. 1998 – Fungi on submerged wood in Lake Barrine, north Queensland, Australia. Mycological Research 102, 739–749.
Mena-Portales J, Cantillo-Perez T, Minter DW. 2017 – A new species of the conidial fungal genus Spegazzinia (Pleosporales, Didymosphaeriaceae) collected on sugarcane in Cuba. Phytotaxa 331, 295–298.
Seephueak P, Petcharat V, Phongpaichit S. 2010 – Fungi associated with leaf litter of para rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), Mycology 1, 4, 213–227.
Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Yonezawa H, Sato G et al. 2015 – Revision of the Massarineae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Studies in Mycology 82, 75–136.
Thambugala KM, Wanasinghe DN, Phillips AJL, Camporesi E et al. 2017 – Mycosphere notes 1– 50: grass (Poaceae) inhabiting Dothideomycetes. Mycosphere 8, 697–796.
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