Montagnula
Montagnula Berl., Icon. fung. (Abellini) 2(2-3): 68 (1896).
Index Fungorum number: IF 3265; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00048, 33 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 12 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Ascomata small to medium size, immersed to erumpent, gregarious or grouped, globose to subglobose, black. Hamathecium of dense, narrowly cellular, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, usually cylindric-clavate to clavate with a long pedicel. Ascospores oblong to narrowly oblong, straight or somewhat curved, reddish-brown to dark yellowish-brown, muriform or phragmosporous. Asexual morph: unknown (adapted from Ariyawansa et al. 2014).
Type species: Montagnula infernalis (Niessl) Berl.
Notes: Wehmeyer (1957) placed Montagnula as a subgenus of Pleospora based on presence of hyphal stromatic tissue over the ascomata and asci with a long pedicel (Barr 2001). Crivelli (1983) treated Montagnula as a distinct genus and divided the genus into two subgenera, Montagnula and Rubiginospora, with dark brown ascospores found on Agavaceae and reddish-brown ascospores on Poaceae, respectively (Barr 2001). This placement was not followed by several mycologists. Some phragmosporous and didymosporous species were included in the genus by Leuchtmann (1984) and Aptroot (1995) making Montagnula heterogenic (Zhang et al. 2012). Montagnula resembles Kirschsteiniothelia, Ostropella and Xenolophium in having very long ascal pedicel which develops once it is released from the ascomata (Shearer et al. 2009). Montagnula is a didymosporous genus, but phylogenetically related to dictyosporous Karstenula and phragmosporous Paraphaeosphaeria which are members of Montagnulaceae (Zhang et al. 2009). Based on morphological and phylogenetic study of Ariyawansa et al. (2014), Montagnula is a distinct genus in Didymosphaeriaceae. Molecular markers available for Montagnula are ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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