Stagonosporopsis boltshauseri
Stagonosporopsis boltshauseri (Sacc.) Died., Annls mycol. 10(2): 142 (1912).
≡ Hendersonia hortensis Sacc. & Malbr., in Saccardo, Michelia 2(no. 8): 629 (1882).
Index Fungorum number: IF 121450; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11534, Fig. 1
Description: see Aveskamp et al. (2010).
Material considered: see Aveskamp et al. (2010).
Fig. 1 Stagonosporopsis sp. a–h Stagonosporopsis centaureae (MFLU 16-1365, holotype). a Ascomata on host. b Section through ascoma. c Peridium. d Pseudoparaphyses. e, f Asci. g, h Ascospores. i–n S. ailanthicola (MFLU 16-2678, holotype) i Conidiomata. j Conidiogenous cells. k Conidia. l Pycnidial wall. m Developing chlamydospores. n Chlamydospores. o–t S. pini (MFLUCC 18-1549, ex-type). o Conidioma in culture. p Section through a conidiomata. q, r Conidiogenous cells. s, t Conidia. Scale bars: a, p = 100 μm, b, e, f = 20 μm, c, d, j–n = 10 μm, g, h, q–t = 5 μm, o = 200 μm.
Importance and distribution
Stagonosporopsis species cause disease on several host plants. Stagonosporopsis tanaceti causes ray blight, an important disease of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) used for extraction of insecticidal pyrethrins in Australia (Vaghefi et al. 2012). Stagonosporopsis andigena is the causal agent of black blight of potato in the European Union (EFSA 2018). Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum causes canker of the stem of melon and internal fruit rots (Dalcin et al. 2017, Laethem et al. 2020). Stagonosporopsis species cause gummy stem blight of cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae), especially in The United States (Gusmini et al. 2017, Damicone et al. 2020). Stagonosporopsis pogostemonis causes leaf spot and stem blight on Pogostemon cablin (Lamiaceae) in South China (Dong et al. 2021).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Haga et al. (2013) reported pyridone alkaloids from a marine-derived species of Stagonosporopsis.
There are 51 Stagonosporopsis epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to Ascochyta, Didymella, Diplodina, Leptosphaeria and Neocamarosporium. Stagonosporopsis comprises 37 species known on wide range of host including Actaea spicata (Ranunculaceae), Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae), Artemisia dracunculus (Asteraceae), Brassica sp. (Brassicaceae), Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Cimicifuga simplex (Ranunculaceae), Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae), Sambucus racemosa (Adoxaceae), Solanum sp. (Solanaceae), Vasconcellea monoica (Caricaceae), Viburnum opulus (Adoxaceae) and many more. Stagonosporopsis has been recorded from Africa (Kenya), Asia (India, Indonesia), Europe (France, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden), South America (Brazil, Chile, Peru) and the United States (California, Hawaii, Michigan, South Carolina).
References
Aveskamp MM, de Gruyter J, Woudenberg JHC, Verkley GJM, Crous PW. 2010 – Highlights of the Didymellaceae: a polyphasic approach to characterise Phoma and related pleosporalean genera. Studies in Mycology 65, 1–60.
Dalcin MS, Tschoeke PH, Aguiar RWS, Fidelis RR, Didonet J, Santos GR. 2017 – Severity of gummy stem blight on melon in relation to cultivars, use of fungicides and growing season. Horticultura Brasileira 35, 483–489.
Damicone J, Shrefler J, Brandenberger L. 2020 – Guide for identification and management of diseases of cucurbit vegetable crops.
Dong ZY, Huang YH, Manawasinghe IS, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2021 –Stagonosporopsis pogostemonis: A Novel Ascomycete Fungus Causing Leaf Spot and Stem Blight on Pogostemon cablin (Lamiaceae) in South China. Pathogens 10, 1093.
European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) 2018 – Pest categorisation of Stagonosporopsis andigena. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5441
Gusmini G, Rivera-Burgos LA, Wehner TC. 2017 – Inheritance of Resistance to Gummy Stem Blight in Watermelon. HortScience horts 52, 1477–1482.
Haga A, Tamoto H, Ishino M, Kimura E et al. 2013 – Pyridone alkaloids from a marine-derived fungus, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, and their activities against azole-resistant Candida albicans. Journal of Natural Products 76, 750–4.
Vaghefi N, Pethybridge SJ, Ford R, Nicolas ME et al. 2012 – Stagonosporopsis spp. associated with ray blight disease of Asteraceae. Australasian Plant Pathology 41, 675–686.
Van Laethem S, Frans M, Aerts R, Ceusters J. 2021 – pH modulation of the environment by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, an important pathogen causing fruit rot in Cucurbitaceae. European Journal of Plant Pathology 159, 235–245.
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