Juxtiphoma eupyrena
Juxtiphoma eupyrena (Sacc.) Valenz.-Lopez, Crous, Stchigel, Guarro & Cano, in Valenzuela- Lopez et al., Stud. Mycol. 90: 40 (2017).
≡ Phoma eupyrena Sacc., Michelia 1(no. 5): 525 (1879).
Index Fungorum number: IF 821112; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11510, Fig. 1
Description: see Boerema et al. (2004); Valenzuela-Lopez et al. (2017).
Material examined: see Boerema et al. (2004); Valenzuela-Lopez et al. (2017).
Fig. 1 Juxtiphoma eupyrena (redrawn from Phoma eupyrena, Fig 22 in De Gruyter and Noordeloos 1992).
Importance and distribution
Juxtiphoma comprises only one species J. eupyrena (Phoma eupyrena Sacc.) known on several hosts in Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae, Arecaceae, Asparagaceae, Asteraceae, Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Pinaceae, Poaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Solanaceae and Vitaceae. Juxtiphoma eupyrena is a common soil-inhabiting fungus and cause tip dieback of conifer seedlings (Dorenbosch 1970). Juxtiphoma eupyrena has mycoherbicidal potential on Achyrenthus aspera (Amaranthaceae) (Khanna & Chandra 1977). Juxtiphoma has been reported mainly from Africa (Kenya, Malawi), Asia (Hong Kong, India (Bangladesh)), Australia, Europe (Netherlands), South America (Uruguay) and The United States (California, Florida, New York, Poland, Switzerland).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Juxtiphoma produces several chemicals and secondary metabolites. Juxtiphoma eupyrena is reported to produce an extracellular glycoprotein (Pe 65) in concentrations of ∼ 8 µg ml−1 in the stationary culture (Babu et al. 2003).
References
Aveskamp MM, de Gruyter J, Woudenberg JHC, Verkley GJM, Crous PW. 2010 – Highlights of the Didymellaceae: a polyphasic approach to characterise Phoma and related pleosporalean genera. Studies in Mycology 65, 1–60.
Babu RM, Sajeena A, Vidhyasekaran P, Seetharaman K. 2003 – Characterization of a phytotoxic glycoprotein produced byPhoma eupyrena – A pathogen on water lettuce. Phytoparasitica 31, 265–274.
Boerema GH, de Gruyer J, Noordeloos ME, Hamers MEC. 2004 – Phoma identification manual. Differentiation of specific and infra-specific taxa in culture CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
de Gruyter J, Noordeloos ME. 1992 – Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) — I. 1. Section Phoma: Taxa with very small conidia in vitro. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 15, 71–92.
Dorenbosch MM. 1970 – Key to nine ubiquitous soil-borne Phoma-like fungi. Persoonia 6, 1–14.
Khanna KK, Chandra S. 1977 – Some new leaf spot disease II. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India 47(B), 251–253.
Saccardo PA. 1879 – Fungi Gallici lecti a cl. viris P. Brunaud, C.C. Gillet et Abb. Letendre Michelia 1, 500–538.
Valenzuela-Lopez N, Cano-Lira JF, Guarro J, Sutton DA et al. 2018 –Coelomycetous Dothideomycetes with emphasis on the families Cucurbitariaceae and Didymellaceae. Studies in Mycology 90, 1–69.
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