Cheirosporium
Cheirosporium L. Cai & K.D. Hyde, Persoonia 20: 55 (2008).
Index Fungorum number: IF 506570; Facesoffungi number: FoF 01257, 2 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata on the natural substratum sporodochial, scattered, punctiform, brown, dark brown or black. Mycelium immersed or partly superficial, consisting of branched, septate, smooth, thin-walled, subhyaline to light brown hyphae. Stroma none. Setae and hyphopodia absent. Conidiophores semi-macronematous to macronematous, mononematous, septate, flexuous, irregularly branched, branches sterile or fertile; sterile branches with an elongate, relatively enlarged, obclavate cell. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, terminal, determinate, not proliferating. Conidia acrogenous, holoblastic, solitary, dry, olivaceous to brown, cheiroid, smooth-walled. Conidial secession rhexolytic (adapted from Cai et al. 2008).
Type species: Cheirosporium triseriale L. Cai & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Cheirosporium is characterised by sporodochial, scattered, punctiform conidiomata, semi-macronematous to macronematous conidiophores, monoblastic, terminal, determinate conidiogenous cells, and acrogenous, holoblastic, solitary, olivaceous to brown conidia. Cheirosporium is unique in having conidiophores that branch to form two or more separate sterile branches in which there is an enlarged, hyaline, obclavate apical cell. Cheirosporium resembles Cylindrocladium in having sterile branches that occur among conidiophores but differs in having rhexolytic conidial secession (Cai and Hyde 2008). Cheirosporium also resembles Digitomyces in producing 2–3-armed cheirosporous conidia (Mercado et al. 2003). Digitomyces differs from Cheirosporium in lacking sterile branches, and in having a verrucose conidial wall. Cheirosporium can also be differentiated from similar genera based on its semi-macronematous to macronematous conidiophores (Goh et al. 1999). Cheiromyces and Cheiromycina can be distinguished from Cheirosporium by the production of distoseptate conidia (Cai and Hyde 2008). The ideal molecular markers to differentiate between species of Cheirosporium are 28S rDNA and ITS rDNA. Cheirosporium is a distinct genus in Dictyosporiaceae but molecular data is needed to resolve the correct taxonomic placement of the genus within the family. Molecular markers available for Cheirosporium are LSU and ITS.
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