Eopyrenula
Eopyrenula R.C. Harris, Michigan Bot. 12(1): 19 (1973).
Index Fungorum number: IF 1842; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08198, 6 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2021), 1 species with molecular data.
Facultatively lichenized, inhabiting bark. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecioid, semi immersed to superficial, visible as dark spot, solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose, dark brown to black, ostiole central, with pore-like opening. Peridium thick-walled, comprising several layers of small, dark brown cells, arranged in a textura epidermoidea. Hamathecium composed of dense, narrowly cellular pseudoparaphyses, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, short-pedicellate, apically rounded, with well-developed ocular chamber. Ascospores overlapping 1–2-seriate, phragmosporous, brown to dark brown, paler at the end cells, ellipsoidal to fusiform, septate, constricted at the septa, mostly larger in the middle cells, smooth to rough-walled, with minute guttules. Asexual morph: Reported as coelomycetes, pycnidial, frequently accompanied by colourless, curved, filiform, simple microconidia and brown, 1- or more septate macroconidia (Adapted from Harris 1973; Hyde et al. 2013; Doilom et al. 2018).
Type species: Eopyrenula leucoplaca (Wallr.) R.C. Harris
Notes: Eopyrenula was introduced by Harris (1973) with E. leucoplaca as type species. Eopyrenula is characterized by perithecioid, semi immersed to superficial ascomata, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate asci and phragmosporous, brown to dark brown ascospores. The taxonomic placement of Eopyrenula has undergone many changed in recent years (Harris 1975, 1995; Barr 1976, 1979, 1983; Aptroot 1998, 2012; Hyde et al. 2013; Jaklitsch et al. 2016; Lücking et al. 2016; Doilom et al. 2018). Harris (1975), Aptroot (2012) and Jaklitsch et al. (2016) treated Eopyrenula in Pyrenulaceae (Eurotiomycetes). Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010), Hyde at al. (2013), Wijayawardene et al. (2014), Ertz et al. (2015) accepted Eopyrenula in Dacampiaceae. Lücking et al. (2016) and Wijayawardene et al. (2018) listed Eopyrenula Pezizomycotina genera incertae sedis. Doilom et al. (2018) re-examined the specimen Eopyrenula leucoplaca under the code L 16275 and accepted Eopyrenula in Dacampiaceae based on the uni-locular, perithecioid ascomata, branched and anastomosing pseudoparaphyses, elongate-clavate to short-cylindrical asci with shortpedicellate, 1–2-seriate, phragmosporous, brown to dark brown, fusiform ascospores. Eopyrenula resembles Dacampia but differs in that the latter has muriform ascospores while Eopyrenula has phragmospores. Eopyrenula is a distinct genus in Dacampiaceae but only one species has molecular data. More taxa with sequence data are needed to verify the natural placement of Eopyrenula.
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