Corynespora cassiicola
Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) C.T. Wei, Mycol. Pap. 34: 5 (1950).
≡ Helminthosporium cassiicola Berk. & M.A. Curtis [as 'cassiaecola'], in Berkeley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 10(no. 46): 361 (1868) [1869].
Index Fungorum number: IF 296024; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06664, Fig. 1
Description: see Voglmayr and Jaklitsch (2017).
Material examined: see Voglmayr and Jaklitsch (2017).
Fig. 1 Corynespora cassiicola (TNTU 1124, re-drawn from Fig. 6 in Jin-Liang and Shean-Shong 2009). a Conidiophores. b Conidia. Scale bars = 20 µm.
Importance and distribution
Species of Corynespora have diverse lifestyles. Most species are saprobic but Corynespora can infect a wide range of economically important crops such as cotton, soybean, tomato, and cucumber (Lopez et al. 2018; MacKenzie et al. 2018; Fernando et al. 2009). C. cassiicola causes a devastating disease on Hevea brasiliensis (Florence and Ebenezer 2018). Corynespora has been associated with human infection (Lopez et al. 2018). There are 208 Corynespora epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to other genera such as Briansuttonia, Corynesporopsis, Helminthosporium, Morganjonesia, Passalora, Penzigomyces, Phaeoisariopsis, Solicorynespora and Vamsapriya. Corynespora comprises 175 species known on many host plants including Acacia pycnantha (Fabaceae), Acalypha hamiltonia (Euphorbiaceae), Achras sapota (Sapotaceae), Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae), Annona squamosa (Annonaceae), Celastrus buxifolius (Celastraceae), Cryptolepis buchananii (Apocynaceae), Gymnosporia buxifolia (Celastraceae), Vaccinium sp. (Ericaceae) and Vitex sp. (Lamiaceae). Corynespora has a wide distribution including Africa (Ghana), Asia (Brunei Darussalam, India, Indonesia (Java), Nepal, Philippines), Caribbean (Cuba), Europe (England, Turkey), North America (Canada), Oceania (Australia) and South America (Chile). Corynespora has a very high diversity of species but most species lack molecular data.
Industrial relevance and applications
Corynespora is useful to the medical industry in treatment of cancer as it produces chemical such as Depsidone which shows antitumor, antimicrobial and insecticidal activity (Okoye et al. 2013).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Corynespora produces a wide range of chemicals. Okoye et al. (2013) reported depsidone and diaryl ether derivatives from C. cassiicola. Corynespora can produce a host-selective protein toxin cassiicolin (Barthe et al. 2007). Ebrahim et al. (2013) reported an unusual octalactones from C. cassiicola. There is also report of microbial conversion of (±) Linalool to Linalool Oxides by C. cassiicola.
References
Barthe P, Pujade-Renaud V, Breton F, Gargani D et al. 2007 – Structural Analysis of Cassiicolin, a Host-selective Protein Toxin from Corynespora cassiicola. Journal of Molecular Biology 367, 89–101.
Ebrahim W, Aly A, Wray V, Proksch P, Debbab A. 2014 – Chem Inform Abstract: Unusual Octalactones from Corynespora cassiicola, an Endophyte of Laguncularia racemosa. ChemInform 45, 13.
Fernando T, Jayasinghe C, Wijesundera R, Siriwardana D. 2009 – Variability of Hevea isolates of Corynespora cassiicola from Sri Lanka. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 116, 115–117.
Florence U, Ebenezer LF. 2018 – Corynespora leaf fall of Hevea brasilensis: Challenges and prospect. African Journal of Agricultural Research 13, 2098–2103.
Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, Wanasinghe DN et al. 2020a – Refined families of Dothideomycetes: Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. Mycosphere 11, 1553–2107.
Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Liu JK, Ariyawansa H et al. 2013 – Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 63, 1–313.
Jin-Liang C, Shean-Shong T. 2009 – Hyphomycetes from Taiwan: Chaetendophragmia and Allied Species. Taiwania 54.
Lopez D, Ribeiro S, Label P, Fumanal B et al. 2018 – Genome-Wide Analysis of Corynespora cassiicola Leaf Fall Disease Putative Effectors. Frontiers in Microbiology 9, 276.
Mackenzie K, Sumabat L, Xavier K, Vallad G. 2018 – A Review of Corynespora cassiicola and Its Increasing Relevance to Tomato in Florida. Plant Health Progress 19, 303–309.
Okoye F. 2013 – Depsidone and Diaryl Ether Derivatives from the Fungus Corynespora cassiicola, an Endophyte of Gongronema latifolium. Tetrahedron letters 54, 4210–4214.
Rossman AY, Crous PW, Hyde KD, Hawksworth DL et al. 2015 – Recommended names for pleomorphic genera in Dothideomycetes. IMA Fungus 6, 507–523.
Seifert KA, Morgan-Jones G, Gams W, Kendrick B. 2011 – The Genera of Hyphomycetes. Biodiversity Series 9, Utrecht. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre.
Sivanesan A. 1996 – Corynesporasca caryotae gen. et sp. nov. with a Corynespora anamorph, and the family Corynesporascaceae. Mycological Research 100, 783–788.
Voglmayr H, Jaklitsch W. 2017 – Corynespora, Exosporium and Helminthosporium revisited – New species and generic reclassification. Studies in Mycology 43–76.
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Lumbsch HT, Liu JK et al. 2018 – Outline of Ascomycota: 2017. Fungal Diversity 88, 167–263.
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Rajeshkumar KC, Hawksworth DL et al. 2017– Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86, 1–594.
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