Arthopyrenia cerasi
Arthopyrenia cerasi (Schrad.) A. Massal., Ric. auton. lich. crost. (Verona): 167 (1852).
≡ Verrucaria cerasi Schrad., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 22: 87 (1797).
Index Fungorum number: IF 377023; Facesoffungi number: FoF 09867, Fig. 1
Description: see Hyde et al. (2013).
Material examined: see Hyde et al. (2013).
Fig. 1 Arthopyrenia cerasi (Coppins 25807). a, b Ascomata and conidiomata on bark. c Cross section of ascoma. d Asci. e Macroconidia in water. f–h Ascospores. Scale bars: b = 500 μm, c = 100 μm, d = 30 μm, e–h = 10 μm.
Importance and distribution
Arthopyrenia species from aquatic and marine environments, produce laccase, lipase, cellulose, peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and many other enzymes (Passarini et al. 2015). There are 340 Arthopyrenia records in Index Fungorum (2022), but many species have been transferred to other genera such as Acrocordia, Anisomeridium, Aquacidia, Arthonia, Arthopyrenia, Blastodesmia, Bogoriella, Cercidospora, Collemopsidium, Constrictolumina, Didymella, Frigidopyrenia, Lasiosphaeriopsis, Leptorhaphis, Magmopsis, Massarina, Megalotremis, Merismatium, Muellerella, Mycoglaena, Mycoporum, Naetrocymbe, Normandina, Obryzum, Opegrapha, Phaeospora, Polymeridium, Pseudopyrenula, Pseudosagedia, Pyrenocollema, Pyrenula, Rhytidiella, Segestria, Sphaerellothecium, Stigmidium, Strigula, Thelidium, Verrucaria and Zwackhiomyces. Arthopyrenia comprises 53 species known on various host plant and plant families such as Asphodelaceae, Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Gymnomitriaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Rosaceae and Ulmaceae. Arthopyrenia has a worldwide distribution.
References
Aptroot A. 1998 – Aspects of the integration of the taxonomy of lichenized and non-lichenized pyrenocarpous ascomycetes. Lichenologist 30, 501–514.
Aptroot A. 2002 – Arthopyrenia. In: T.H. Nash III, B.D. Ryan, C. Gries & F. Bungartz (Eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region (Volume I, pp 103–106). Tempe Lichens Unlimited.
Eriksson OE, Baral HO, Currah RS, Hansen K, Kurtzman CP, Rambold G et al. Outline of Ascomycota - 2003. Myconet 9,1–89.
Fernandez-Brime S, Gaya E, Llimona X, Wedin M, Navarro-Rosinés P. 2020 – Rhagadodidymellopsis endocarpi gen. et sp. nov. and Arthopyrenia symbiotica (Dothideomyceta), two lichenicolous fungi growing on Endocarpon species. Plant and Fungal Systematics 65, 176–184.
Foucard T. 1992 – Notes on the corticolous Arthopyrenia-species in Sweden. Graphis Scripta 4, 2, 49–60.
Harris RC. 1995 – More Florida lichens. Including the 10c tour of the pyrenolichens. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Liu JK, Ariyawansa H et al. 2013 – Families of Dothideomycetes. Fungal Diversity 63, 1–313.
Sanderson NA, Hawksworth DL, Aptroot A. 2009 – Melaspilea Nyl. (1857). In: C.W. Smith, A Aptroot, B.J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O.L. Gilbert, P.W. James, P.A. Wolseley (Eds.), The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. British Lichen Society, London, pp. 576–579.
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Rajeshkumar KC, Hawksworth DL et al. 2017 – Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86, 1–594.
Zahlbruckner A. 1921– Catalogus Lichenum Universalis Volume I. Leipzig Borntraeger.
Zahlbruckner A. 1926 – Lichenes (Flechten). Spezieller Teil. In: A Engler (ed) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp 61–263.
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