Acrocalymmaceae
Acrocalymma Alcorn & J.A.G. Irwin, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 88(2): 163 (1987).
Index Fungorum number: IF 11008; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07097, 7 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 7 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, papillate or rostrate, globose, erumpent, separate but aggregated in clusters, subhyaline to brown with central ostiole; wall of 3–6 layers of hyaline to brown textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells or a supporting cell. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform to doliiform or cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, proliferating inconspicuously percurrently at apex. Conidia hyaline, but becoming pigmented with age, smooth, guttulate, cylindrical to fusoid with subobtuse apex, acutely tapered at base to a small flattened central scar, 0–3-septate, not constricted at septa, with flaring mucoid apical and basal appendages, originating from a sheath surrounding developing conidia (adapted from Trakunyingcharoen et al. 2014).
Type species: Acrocalymma medicaginis Alcorn & J.A.G. Irwin
Notes: Acrocalymma is characterised by pycnidial, papillate or rostrate conidiomata, ampulliform to doliiform or cylindrical conidiogenous cells, and hyaline conidia becoming pigmented on maturity. Shoemaker et al. (1991) mentioned that A. medicaginis is the asexual morph of Massarina walker by linking Acrocalymma to massarina-like sexual morphs in culture. Trakunyingcharoen et al. (2014) introduced the combination A. walker and proved that M. walkeri and A. medicaginis are phylogenetically distinct. In the phylogenetic analysis of Trakunyingcharoen et al. (2014), the type species of Rhizopycnis clustered in Acrocalymma sensu stricto and was treated as a synonym of Acrocalymma. Acrocalymma is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in its own family Acrocalymmaceae. Molecular markers available for Acrocalymma are ITS, LSU, SSU, BTUB, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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