Patellariales »
Patellariaceae »
Glyphium
Glyphium dolabriforme
Glyphium dolabriforme (Wallr.) F. Lehm., Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 50: 139 (1886).
≡ Lophium dolabriforme Wallr., Fl. crypt. Germ. (Norimbergae) 2: 433 (1833).
Index Fungorum number: IF 431666; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11987, Fig. 1
Description:
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Ascomata 600–650 μm diam., 225–235 μm high, superficial to semi-immersed, erect, seated vertically in subiculum, scattered or gregarious, dolabrate to ligulate in outline, bivalve shell-like. Peridium 30–40 μm carbonaceous, comprising of cells of textura angularis, shiny black, surface transversally striate, apex compressed, and opening by a long slit. Subiculum present, but not well observed. Asci 230–250 × 8–12 μm (x̄ = 245.7 × 10.7 µm, n = 10), bitunicate, 8-spored, long cylindrical-filiform, mostly long stipitate with an indistinct ocular chamber. Paraphysoids numerous, branched, anastomosing, septate. Ascospores 95–150 × 1.5–2.1 μm (x̄ = 124 × 1.9 µm, n = 10), filiform, tapering towards the obtuse ends, yellowish, multiseptate, not constricted at the septa, fasciculate, spirally wound, not separating into part spores in the ascus. Asexual morph: not observed.
Material examined: The United States, Idaho, Bonner County, on decorticated branch, 1 June 1940, A.W. Slipp (BISH 607874).
Fig. 1 Glyphium dolabriforme (BISH 607874). a–c Herbarium material. d Section through ascomata. e Peridium. f, g Asci. h–j Ascospores. Scale bars: c = 1000 μm, d = 500 μm, e–i, n = 50 μm, j–m = 10 μm, o–r = 20 μm.
Importance and distribution
Glyphium comprises six species known on a wide range of hosts such as Acer glabrum (Sapindaceae), Alnus crispa var. sinuata (Betulaceae), Amelanchier alnifolia (Rosaceae), Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae), Ceanothus velutinus (Rhamnaceae), Cornus sericea (Cornaceae), Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae), Holodiscus discolor (Rosaceae) and Malus sylvestris (Rosaceae). Glyphium is reported from North America (Canada), South Asia (India, Pakistan) and The United States (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Sweden, Washington).
References
Barr ME. 1990 – Melanommatales (Loculoascomycetes). North American Flora 13(II), 1–129
Boehm EWA, Marson G, Mathiassen GH, Gardiennet A, Schoch CL. 2015 – An overview of the genus Glyphium and its phylogenetic placement in Patellariales. Mycologia 107, 607–618.
Boehm EWA, Mugambi G, Miller AN, Huhndorf S et al. 2009a – A molecular phylogenetic reappraisal of the Hysteriaceae, Mytilinidiaceae and Gloniaceae (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes) with keys to world species. Studies in Mycology 64, 49–83.
Geiser DM, Gueidan C, Miadlikowska J, Lutzoni F et al. 2006 – Eurotiomycetes: Eurotiomycetidae and Chaetothyriomycetidae. Mycologia 98, 1054–1065.
Goree H. 1974 – Glyphium in western Canada and United States. Canadian Journal of Botany 52, 1265–1269.
Gueidan C, Ruibal CV, de Hoog GS, Gorbushina AA, Untereiner WA, Lutzoni F. 2008 – A rock-inhabiting ancestor for mutualistic and pathogen-rich fungal lineages. Studies in Mycology 61, 111–119.
Kirschstein W. 1924 – Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Ascomyceten. Verh Bot Vereins Prov Brandenburg 66, 23–29.
Kodsueb R, Dhanasekaran V, Aptroot A, Lumyong S, McKenzie E, Hyde KD, Jeewon R. 2006 – The family Pleosporaceae: Intergeneric relationships and phylogenetic perspectives based on sequence analyses of partial 28S rDNA. Mycologia 98, 571–583.
Lindemuth R, Wirtz N, Lumbsch HT. 2001 – Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial rDNA sequences supports the view that loculoascomycetes (Ascomycota) are not monophyletic. Mycological Research 105, 1176–1181.
Lohman ML. 1933 – Hysteriaceae: Life histories of certain species. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science Arts & Letters 17, 229–288.
Lorenzo LE, Messuti MI. 2005 – Glyphium elatum (Ascomycota) in Patagonia (Argentina). Boletin de la Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 40, 13–16.
Lücking R, Stuart BL, Lumbsch HT. 2004 – Phylogenetic Relationships of Gomphillaceae and Asterothyriaceae: Evidence from a Combined Bayesian Analysis of Nuclear and Mitochondrial Sequences. Mycologia 96, 283–294.
Lumbsch HT, Schmitt I, Lindemuth R, Miller A, Mangold A, Fernando F, Huhndorf S. 2005 – Performance of four ribosomal DNA regions to infer higher-level phylogenetic relationships of inoperculate euascomycetes (Leotiomyceta). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 34, 512–524.
Réblová M, Untereiner WA, Réblová K. 2013 – Novel evolutionary lineages revealed in the Chaetothyriales (Fungi) based on multigene phylogenetic analyses and comparison of ITS secondary structure. PLoS ONE 85, e63547.
Schmitt I, Mueller G, Lumbsch HT. 2005 – Ascoma morphology is homoplaseous and phylogenetically misleading in some pyrenocarpous lichens. Mycologia 97, 362–374.
Sutton BC. 1970 – Glyphium leptothecium (Earle) comb, nov. G schizosporum (Maire) Zogg, and their imperfect states. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 54, 255–264.
Tsuneda A, Davey ML, Currah RS. 2011 – A new endoconidial black meristematic genus, Atramixtia, associated with declining white spruce and phylogenetically allied to a lineage of dothidealean conifer pathogens. Botany 89, 323–338.
Zogg H. 1962 – Die Hysteriaceae s. str. und Lophiaceae, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der mitteleuro-päischen Formen. Beiträge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz, Band 11, 1–190.
