Parmulina
Parmulina Theiss. & Syd., Annls mycol. 12(2): 194 (1914).
Index Fungorum number: IF 3748; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08116, 5 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), no molecular data available.
Pathogenic on living leaves. Sexual morph: Ascostromata epiphyllous, not forming any leaf spot, loosely scattered, orbicular to somewhat irregular, without innate mycelium or hypostroma. Locule in a complete ring surrounding a sterile center, the upper wall disintergrated and gelatinized to exposed the underlying asci. The wall of sterile center two-layered, the outer layer of longitudinal arranged cells, black, the inner layer of textura intricata to epidermoidea, dark brown. Basal wall of ascoma beneath the asci, composed of longitudinal arranged, brown cells. Asci bitunicate, clavate, 8-spored, with paraphysoidal hyphae. Ascospores biseriate, clavate, rounded above and slightly tapering below, thick-walled, uniseptate, yellow at first and brown when mature. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Chen & Hsieh 1994).
Type species: Parmulina exsculpta (Berk.) Theiss. & Syd.
Notes: Parmulina is characterised by epiphyllous ascostromata, clavate, 8-spored asci with paraphysoidal hyphae and clavate, rounded, uniseptate ascospores. Inácio and Cannon (2008) studied a specimen from K and designated it as the neotype as the holotype is lost. Parmulina is a distinct genus in Parmulariaceae but molecular data is lacking. Fresh collections with DNA sequence data are needed to confirm the taxonomic placement of Parmulina.
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