Butleria
Butleria Sacc., Annls mycol. 12(3): 302 (1914).
Index Fungorum number: IF 692; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06542, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Forming leaf spots. Sexual morph: Ascomata gregarious, superficial, black, subglobose, with numerous locules distributed at different levels inside the ascomata, with only one globose to oblong asci inside each locule. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, sessile. Ascospores oblong to ovoid, brown, two-celled. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Li et al. 2011).
Type species: Butleria inaghatahanii Sacc.
Notes: Butleria was referred to Myriangiaceae by Arx and Müller (1975) based on its small bright ascomata and two-celled ascospores. Butleria was also referred to Elsinoaceae by several authors (Barr 1979, Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2007, Kirk et al. 2001, 2008). Currently, this taxon is in Myriangiaceae. Butleria is unique in having a parasitic lifestyle and has single asci locules dispersed all over a rather reduced but pulvinate ascomata. Butleria is also distinct in having brown ascospores. Fresh collections and DNA sequence data are needed to clarify family relationships. Molecular markers available for Butleria are GAPDH, TEF-1 and other protein partial genes such as ArgKin, CAD, COI, GAPDH, IDH, MDH, RpS2, Rps5 and Wg1.
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