Zymoseptoria tritici
Zymoseptoria tritici (Roberge ex Desm.) Quaedvl. & Crous, in Quaedvlieg et al., Persoonia 26: 67 (2011).
≡ Septoria tritici Roberge ex Desm., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2 17: 107 (1842).
Index Fungorum number: IF 517926; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11234, Fig. 1
Description: Quaedvlieg et al. (2011).
Material examined: Quaedvlieg et al. (2011).
Fig. 1 Zymoseptoria tritici (CBS 115943, re-drawn from Quaedvlieg et al. 2011). a Conidiogenous cells formed inside pycnidia. b Conidia formed through microcyclic conidiation (Type III). c Conidia from pycnidia (Type I). Scale bars = 10 µm.
Importance and distribution
Zymoseptoria comprises eight species known from five host plants within Poaceae and has worldwide distribution such as Africa (Algeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tunisia), Asia (Iran, Israel, Syria, Uzbekistan), Australia, Europe (France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Switzerland, Turkey), North America (Mexico, the United States) and South America (Peru, Uruguay). Zymoseptoria tritici is the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch which affect agricultural industry in terms of fungicide use and crop loss (Fedoryshchak et al. 2020).
Quarantine significance
Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is an essential pathogen of wheat (Brennan et al. 2020).
Biochemical importance of the genus, chemical diversity or applications
Zymoseptoria may produce several repertoires of effectors which facilitate infection or trigger host defense mechanisms (Gohari et al. 2015) such as cytochrome b5 reductase-mediated, AvrStb6 amongst others (Zhong et al. 2017).
References
Brennan CJ, Zhou B, Benbow HR, Ajaz S et al. 2020 – Taxonomically Restricted Wheat Genes Interact with Small Secreted Fungal Proteins and Enhance Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch Disease. Frontiers in Plant Science 11, 433.
Fedoryshchak RO, Ocasio CA, Strutton B, Mattocks J, Corran AJ, Tate EW. 2020 – Wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici N-myristoyltransferase inhibitors: on-target antifungal activity and an unusual metabolic defense mechanism. RSC chemical biology 1, 68–78.
Gohari A. 2015 – Identification and functional characterization of putative (a)virulence factors in the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Ph.D Thesis. Available at: https://edepot.wur.nl/364257
Quaedvlieg W, Kema GHJ, Groenewald JZ, Verkley GJM et al. 2011 – Zymoseptoria gen. nov.: a new genus to accommodate Septoria-like species occurring on graminicolous hosts. Persoonia: Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 26, 57–69.
Zhong Z, Marcel TC, Hartmann FE, Ma X et al. 2017– A small secreted protein in Zymoseptoria tritici is responsible for avirulence on wheat cultivars carrying the Stb6 resistance gene. The New phytologist 214, 619–631.
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