Sphaerellothecium
Sphaerellothecium Zopf, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 70(2): 184 (1897).
Index Fungorum number: IF 5085; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08661, 37 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), no molecular data available.
Lichenicolous, usually distinguished by the formation of a superficial reticulum of dark hyphae occurring on the thallus and apothecia of the host. Sexual morph: Ascomata perithecioid, black, immersed to superficial, ostiolate, wall pigmented, hamathecium of unbranched periphyses, but often rudimentary, with colorless interascal filaments (paraphysoids). Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, 8-spored, clavate, ellipsoid-ovoid, obpyriform, saccate to irregular, with distinct ocular chamber. Ascospores hyaline, sometimes turning brown when mature, 1–3(–5)-septate, smooth walled. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Videira et al., 2017).
Type species: Sphaerellothecium araneosum (Rehm) Zopf.
Notes: Sphaerellothecium is characterised by black, immersed to superficial, ostiolate ascomata, clavate, ellipsoid-ovoid, obpyriform asci and hyaline, 1–3(–5)-septate ascospores. The phylogenetic position of Sphaerellothecium is obscure. The placement of Sphaerellothecium in Mycosphaerellaceae is doubtful. Fresh collections with DNA sequence data are needed to confirm the phylogenetic placement of the genus.
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