Mycosphaerellales » Mycosphaerellaceae » Polythrincium

Polythrincium trifolii

Polythrincium trifolii Kunze, Mykologische Hefte (Leipzig) 1: 14 (1817).

           Index Fungorum number: IF 215652; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02765 , Fig. 1, 2

Description:

Saprobic on leaves or associated with leaf spots. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Mycelium superficial, pale brown to dark brown, septate, smooth-walled. Stromata appears as small black pustules, the on the lower side of leaf. Conidiophores 25−50 × 5−9.6 µm (x̄ = 30.7 × 7.8 µm, n = 10), thick-walled, melanised, pale to dark brown, growing sympodially giving a spiral appearance. Conidiogenous cells 3.5−6.0 × 7.5−9.6 µm (x̄ = 5.2 × 9.0 µm, n = 10), enteroblastic, annellidic, short cylindrical to doliiform, discrete, indeterminate, pale brown, smooth. Conidia 3.5−4 × 7.7−9.6 µm (x̄ = 3.8 × 9.2 µm, n = 10), spherical, truncate at the base, aseptate, dark brown, uniseptate, continuous, olivaceous to pale brown, thin, smooth-walled.

 

 

Fig. 1 Polythrincium trifolii (CUP-060538). a–c Herbarium material. d Close up of black pustules. e–g Conidiophores and conidiogenesis. h Conidiophore with an attached conidium. i–m Conidia. Scale bars: c = 5000 μm, d = 500 μm, e–g = 20 μm, h–m =10 μm.

 

 

Fig. 2 Polythrincium trifolii (re-drawn from Gremmen 1949, d: from plantasyhongos 2021). a Section through sporodochia. b, d Conidiophores giving rise to conidia. c Conidia. Scale bars = 10 μm.

Fig. 3 Polythrincium trifolii (a–c re-drawn from Fig. 3 a, c, e in Simon et al. 2005, d–f from Fig. 10, 11 in Wolf 1935). a Ascomata on the leaf surface. b Trichogynes arising from developing ascoma. c Vertical section through ascoma. d Peridium. e Asci. f Ascospores. Scale bars: a = 200 μm, b–f = 10 μm.

Importance and distribution

Polythrincium comprises only one species known on Trifolium (Fabaceae) in several countries such as Africa (Egypt), Asia (China, Japan, Russia, Uzbekistan), Europe (Portugal, Spain), North America (Caribbean, the United States) and South America (Chile).

 

References

Gremmen J. 1949 – Polythrincium trifolii Schm. en Kunze, Parasiet van Klaver 55, 249–250. 

Plantasyhongos 2021 – Available online at: https://www.plantasyhongos.es/herbarium/htm/Polythrincium_trifoli.htm

Simon UK, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2009 – Cymadothea trifolii, an obligate biotrophic leaf parasite of Trifolium, belongs to Mycosphaerellaceae as shown by nuclear ribosomal DNA analyses. Persoonia 22, 49–55.

Wolf FA. 1935 – Morphology of Polythrincium, causing sooty blotch of clover. Mycologia 27, 58–73.

 

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