Piricauda
Piricauda Bubák, Annls mycol. 12(2): 218 (1914).
Index Fungorum number: IF 9404; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08544, 30 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 2 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Colonies micronemic, at maturity sometimes consisting of a crust of crowded conidia; conidiophores simple, unbranched, composed of several cells, or else reduced to a single cell or peg, generally arising directly from the substrate. Conidia phaeodictyous, monacrogenous, echinulate or smooth, ranging in shape from sphaerical to elliptical to cylindrical to obspathulate to obovate to pyriform, pale brown to dark golden brown, pauci- (less than 10) to multilocular with cells regular or irregular in shape, and with thin or thick walls; disrupted sessile spores frequently subtended by a torn remnant of fertile hyphae (adapted from Moore 1958).
Type species: Piricauda uleana (Sacc. & P. Syd.) Bubák
Notes: Piricauda is characterised by brown to dark brown or black, globose to ellipsoidal ascomata, clavate, ovoid or saccate, apedicellate asci, and brown, oblong or ovoid, sometimes reniform ascospores. The asexual morph is characterised by elongate, dark brown pycnidia often with long stalks, presence of ostiole, and hyaline, 1-celled conidia. Piricauda uleana was previously known as Stigmella uleana but was not congeneric with the type species of Stigmella. Moore (1959) re-defined Piricauda and excluded several taxa such as Berkleasmium, Cheiromyces, Dictyosporium, Sporidesmium, Steganosporium, Stemphylium and Piricauda Bubák, with monacrogenous conidia from Piricauda. Hughes (1960) re-examined the type of Piricauda and described the genus as characterised by ‘typical arched conidiophores with either a conidium initial or a single conidial scar always present on the apex of the arch’. Several authors added new species to Piricauda based on morphology but placement of these species in the genus is doubtful due to lack of molecular data (Johnson 1958; Moore 1959; Ellis 1976). Wijayawardene et al. (2020) apprehensively accommodated Piricauda in Mycosphaerellaceae based on the phylogenetic analysis of Da Silva et al. (2016) using a strain of Piricauda paraguayensis (VIC 31785.52). Piricauda is a distinct genus in Mycosphaerellaceae but needs revision. Only LSU sequence data is available for two species Piricauda paraguayensis and P. pelagica.
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