Phaeophleospora
Phaeophleospora Rangel, Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 18(7-9): 162 (1917).
Index Fungorum number: IF 9311; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08541, 19 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 11 species with molecular data.
Associated with leaf spot. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, aggregated or separate, becoming erumpent, lifting the epidermis, pycnidia black, subglobose, unilocular, wall of brown textura epidermoidea in surface view, and of textura angularis to textura intricata in vertical section, base of 2–3 layers, ostiole irregular, central. Conidiophores mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells terminal, discrete, brown, verruculose, subcylindrical or doliiform, proliferating percurrently, with inconspicuous percurrent proliferations, or at times proliferating sympodially. Conidia solitary, exuded in cirrhus, hyaline to medium brown, smooth to verruculose, granular, thick-walled, subcylindrical to obclavate, straight to irregularly curved, base obconically truncate, apex obtuse, euseptate, hila with a minute marginal frill. Spermatogenous cells developing in conidiomata before the development of conidia, hyaline, ampulliform. Spermatia hyaline, smooth, rod-shaped (adapted from Videira et al. 2017).
Type species: Phaeophleospora eugeniae Rangel
Notes: Phaeophleospora is unique in having brown, verruculose hyphal elements that extend from the pycnidial wall into the cavity, giving rise to conidiogenous cells in some cases, but generally showing as sterile paraphyses between fertile, aseptate conidiophores. Phaeophleospora also has pycnidia with thick, almost stromatic lateral walls. Phaeophleospora is a distinct genus in Mycosphaerellaceae. Molecular markers available for Phaeophleospora include ITS, LSU, SSU, Actin, BTUB, Calmodulin, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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