Gloeocercospora sorghi
Gloeocercospora sorghi D.C. Bain & Edgerton ex Deighton, Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 57(2): 359 (1971).
Index Fungorum number: IF 286676; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11261, Fig. 1
Description:
Associated with leaf spot. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Mycelium internal, hyphae 2–3 µm wide. Sporodochia 100–1000 µm amphigenous epidermal to sub-epidermal, immersed, solitary or occasionally confluent showing as brown spots on surface of the host, composed of recurrently branched, hyaline hyphae with short moniliform cells. Conidiomata wall and conidiogenous cells not observed. Conidiophores ovoid or more or less ampulliform. Conidia 35−75 × 2.1−3.5 µm (x̄ = 59.4 × 2.7 µm, n = 20), filiform, straight, curved or irregular, often wider in the middle, sometimes slightly obclavate, very variable in size, 1-pluriseptate (mostly 1-7 septate), slimy, hyaline, usually thin and smooth walled.
Material examined: The United States, Illinois, Douglas, Galton, on Sorghum vulgare var. technicum (Poaceae), 27 July 1950, GH Boewe (ILLS00173305).
Fig. 1 Gloeocercospora sorghi (ILLS00173305). a–c Herbarium material and appearance of sporodochia on host surface. d Squash mount of sporodochia. e–m Conidia. Scale bars: c = 2000 μm, d, e = 50 μm, f–m = 20 μm.
Fig 2. Gloeocercospora sorghi (re-drawn from Fig. 1 in Rawla 1973). a Conidia. b Conidiogenous cells. Scale bars = 10 μm.
Importance and distribution
Species of Gloeocercospora are associated with leaf spots. Gloeocercospora comprises two species known on Vaccinium australe (Ericaceae) and living leaves of Sorghum vulgare (Poaceae). Gloeocercospora is reported from North America (Mexico and the United States). An attempt to collect more taxa of Gloeocercospora is needed to understand its diversity and clarify its taxonomy.
Quarantine significance
Gloeocercospora is of quarantine significance in several countries such as Africa (Ghana, Sudan) (Quarantine Pest List IPPC 2016) and Australia (Final Ira Report 2002) amongst others.
References
Braun U. 1995– Miscellaneous notes on phytopathogenic hyphomycetes (II). Mycotaxon 55, 223–241.
Deighton FC. 1971 – Validation of the generic name Gloeocercospora and specific names of C. sorghi and C. inconspicua. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 57, 358–360.
Final Ira Report 2002 – Import Risk Analysis for the Importation of bulk maize (Zea mays L.) from the United States of America. Available at: https://www.agriculture.gov.au/sites/default/files/sitecollectiondocuments/ba/plant/ungroupeddocs/fin_ira_maize.pdf
International Plant Protection Convention, IPPC 2016 – Quarantine Pests (Fungi) Declined Entry into Sudan = (Zero Tolerance). Available at: https://assets.ippc.int/static/media/files/reportingobligation/2016/09/25/Quarantined_and_non-Quarantined_pest_list_in_Sudan.pdf
Rawla GS. 1973– Gloeocercospora and Ramulispora in India. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 60, 283–292.
Videira SIR, Groenewald JZ, Nakashima C, Braun U, Barreto RW, de Wit PJGM, Crous PW. 2017 – Mycosphaerellaceae - Chaos or clarity? Studies in Mycology 87, 257–421.
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