Distocercospora
Distocercospora N. Pons & B. Sutton, Mycol. Pap. 160: 60 (1988).
Index Fungorum number: IF 11075; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08494, 4 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Foliicolous, plant pathogenic, leaf spotting hyphomycetes (asexual morphs). Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Mycelium in vivo internal; hyphae branched, septate, subhyaline to pigmented, thin-walled, smooth. Stromata lacking to well-developed, pigmented, textura angulata to textura globosa. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple to branched, often strongly branched, septate, pigmented, thin-walled, smooth to rough-walled. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, occasionally intercalary, proliferation sympodial, conidiogenous loci conspicuous, almost unthickened to somewhat thickened and darkened. Conidia formed singly, rarely in short chains, scolecosporous, mostly obclavate to cylindrical, with a single to several transverse distosepta or a mixture of eu and distosepta, subhyaline to pigmented, wall smooth to rough, hila somewhat thickened and darkened, conidial secession schizolytic (adapted from Braun et al. 2013).
Type species: Distocercospora pachyderma (Syd. & P. Syd.) N. Pons & B. Sutton
Notes: Distocercospora is characterised by macronematous, mononematous conidiophores, integrated, terminal conidiogenous cells, and scolecosporous obclavate to cylindrical, with a single to several transverse distosepta or a mixture of eu and distoseptate conidia. Distocercospora morphologically resembles Passalora in having unthickened to rather thickened, darkened loci and hila and pigmented conidia but differs in having conidia with a mixture of eu- and distosepta. Distocercospora is unique in its mode of proliferation of its conidiophores, which comprises of two distinct layers. During production of its conidiogenous cells, initially the outer layer of conidiophore is fragmented by the per current proliferation of the inner layer, and then, several conidia are formed sympodially (Videira et al. 2017). At this instant, septa of conidiophores and several conidia of Distocercospora pachyderma show the distoseptation. Distocercospora was placed in Mycosphaerellaceae based on culture and molecular data of Distocercospora (D. pachyderma). Distocercospora is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct and well-supported genus in Mycosphaerellaceae and is also distinct from Passalora sensu stricto. Molecular markers available for Distocercospora are ITS, LSU and RPB2.
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