Cercosporella
Cercosporella Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 20 (1880).
Index Fungorum number: IF 7546; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08484, 71 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 5 species with molecular data.
Associated with leaf spot. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Hyphae restricted to intercellular spaces and forming cup- or bowl-shaped appressoria, 7–17 μm diam. that attach to walls of mesophyll cells. Conidiophores emerging through stomata or erumpent through the cuticle, straight, subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous, hyaline, sometimes lightly pigmented near the base, more or less thin-walled and smooth. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, polyblastic, sympodial, mostly conspicuously geniculate, conidiogenous loci conspicuous, hyaline but refractive, thickened and raised in the shape of a truncated cone (ultrastructure). Conidia formed singly, hyaline, subcylindrical to obclavate, sometimes fusiform, 1- to multiseptate, usually thin-walled and smooth, apex obtuse, base often rounded to truncate or obconically truncate, hilum thickened, not darkened but refractive (adapted from Braun 1995 and Kirschner 2009).
Type species: Cercosporella virgaureae (Thüm.) Allesch (≡ Ramularia virgaureae Thüm.). (Videira et al. 2017).
Notes: Cercosporella is characterised by subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous conidiophores, terminal, polyblastic conidiogenous cells, and subcylindrical to obclavate conidia. The taxonomic confusion between Cercosporella and Ramularia has been discussed by several authors (Braun 1995, 1998; Kirschner 2009; Videira et al. 2016). Cercosporella differs from Ramularia in having an appressorium and by having a discrete ultrastructure of conidiogenous scars which is flat like a truncate cone. Kirschner (2009) mentioned that Cercosporella and Ramularia are phylogenetically distinct based on LSU sequence data. The phylogenetic analyses of Videira et al. (2016) based on LSU and rpb2 sequences data were in agreement with Kirschner (2009). The type species was found from the host Solidago virgaureae and collected in Austria. Videira et al. (2016) observed strains of this species from Brazil and Korea and reported 100% similarity to a freshly collected isolate of Cercosporella virgaureae from Germany. Cercosporella is a distinct and well-supported genus in Mycosphaerellaceae. Molecular markers available for Cercosporella are LSU, ITS, Actin, BTUB, Calmodulin, GAPDH, Histone, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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