Cercospora
Cercospora Fresen. ex Fuckel, Hedwigia 2(15): 133 (1863).
Index Fungorum number: IF 7545; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08483, 754 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 106 species with molecular data.
Saprobic or pathogenic on host substrate. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Caespituli amphigenous. Mycelium internal. Stromata lacking or small, brown, substomatal or intraepidermal. Conidiophores arising from upper part of stromata or internal hyphae, solitary to 2–8, in loose to dense fascicles, brown, paler towards the apex, simple, mildly sinuous, moderately thick-walled to thick-walled, straight or once abruptly geniculate caused by sympodial proliferation, slightly curved, uniform in width, wider at the base, short conically truncate or truncate at the apex. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or intercalary, proliferating sympodially, chiefly uni-local; loci distinctly thickened, not or slightly protuberant, apical or formed on the shoulder caused by sympodial proliferation. Conidia solitary, hyaline, cylindro-obclavate when shorter, longer conidia usually acicular, straight to slightly curved, subacute to obtuse at the apex, truncate to obconically truncate and thickened at the base (adapted from Groenewald et al. 2013).
Type species: Cercospora apii Fresen.
Notes: Chupp (1954) provided the first monograph of Cercospora and discussed the reliability of various characters in delimitation of Cercospora species. Ibrahim and Elamin (1974) grouped 30 species of Cercospora based on morphological characters. Deighton (1967, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1979) made efforts to categorize several species in the genus. Crous and Braun (2003) referred 281 morphologically similar species to the C. apii sensu lato complex. Further studies of Cercospora have been reported by several authors such as Braun et al. (2013, 2015), Braun and Crous (2016) and Videira et al. (2017). Molecular markers available for Cercospora are LSU, SSU, ITS, actin (Act), BTUB, Calmodulin (cal), GAPDH, Histone, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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