Mycoleptodiscus
Mycoleptodiscus Ostaz., Mycologia 59(6): 970 (1968) [1967].
Index Fungorum number: IF 9029; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08094, 7 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 3 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata sporodochium-like, superficial, solitary or confluent, developing radially from central cell to form a thin stroma, circular to irregular in outline, dark brown, comprised of thick-walled phialides. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, monophialidic, ampulliform to doliiform, brown, textura globulosa in face view, evanescent; conidiogenous locus circular, perforating the upper cell wall, without a collarette. Conidia 0–2-septate, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, with an apical and sometimes a basal, unbranched, straight, appendage, base truncated, apex pointed. Sclerotia when present, spherical, black (adapted from Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2019).
Type species: Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Gerd.) Ostaz.
Notes: Mycoleptodiscus is characterised by sporodochium-like, superficial conidiomata, monophialidic, ampulliform to doliiform, brown conidiogenous cells, cylindrical, hyaline, 0–2-septate conidia. Mycoleptodiscus terrestris was previously placed in the invalid genus Leptodiscus in Microthyriaceae (Arx & Müller 1975, Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2007). Sutton and Alcorn (1990) emended the generic concept and included species with 0–2-septate conidia with polar and lateral appendages or without appendages, and often producing appressoria (Sutton & Hodges 1976, Sutton & Alcorn 1990, Alcorn 1994, Whitton et al. 2012). Thongkantha et al. (2009) added M. coloratus to Mycoleptodiscus and provided the first phylogenetic study of Mycoleptodiscus based on LSU sequence data and referred Mycoleptodiscus to Magnaporthales (Sordariomycetes). Luo and Zhang (2013) reported that M. affinis (= Omnidemptus affinis) is related to Magnaporthaceae based on phylogenetic analyses of SSU, ITS, LSU, MCM7, RPB1 and TEF1 sequences. Klaubauf et al. (2014) reported that M. coloratus and M. affinis are not related as the former clusters in Ophioceraceae while the latter forms a lineage in Magnaporthaceae. Crous et al. (2018) suggested the placement of Mycoleptodiscus in Muyocopronales based on phylogenetic analyses of LSU sequence data. Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2019) synonymized M. sphaericus with M. terrestris, introduced M. suttonii based on the phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, RPB2, and TEF-1 and provided an updated account of Mycoleptodiscus. Hernández-Restrepo et al. (2019) treated several species as doubtful including M. brasiliensis, M. disciformis, M. minimus, and M. stellatosporus. Mycoleptodiscus is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct and well-defined genus in Muyocopronaceae. Molecular markers available for Mycoleptodiscus include ITS, SSU, LSU, MCM7, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1 sequences.
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