Endosporium
Citation: Pem D et al. (2019) Mycosphere Notes 275-324: A morphotaxonomic revision and typification of obscure Dothideomycetes genera (incertae sedis). Mycosphere 10(1), 1115–1246
Endosporium Tsuneda, in Tsuneda, Davey, Hambleton & Currah, Botany 86(9): 1022 (2008)
Pathogenic on bud of Populus tremuloides. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Colonies (conidiomata) on PDA, OA and CA black, raised, cerebriform, comprising numerous cellular clumps in a thin glop covering, subcircular to irregular in outline, reverse black. Margin irregular with scarce, occasionally aggregated hyphae on PDA, even with adpressed or submerged hyphae on MEA. Conidiogenous cells on PDA, more broad, swollen, subhyaline and dumbbell-shaped when two-celled, becoming multicellular by splitting in all directions, turning darkly pigmented, irregular in shape, frequently separating into smaller clumps. Hyphae cylindric-shaped or toruloid, light to dark brown, branched or unbranched, aerial ones determinate in growth, mostly elongated, hyaline at apex, forming muriform and darkly pigmented bodies. Endoconidia developing from the separation of adjacent daughter cells in cellular clumps through septum schizolysis, unicellular, hyaline, ellipsoidal to subglobose turning broadly ellipsoidal to globose. Blastic conidia abundant in mature colonies, arising from cells of cellular clumps or seldom from sides of hyphae, unicellular, hyaline or light brown, cylindrical to ellipsoidal, regularly truncate at the base, sometimes globose, obovoid, fusiform.
Type species – Endosporium populi-tremuloides Tsuneda
Notes – The hyphomycetous genus Endosporium was the first genus with endoconidial and black meristematic cells reported in the order Myriangiales by A. Tsuneda. The genus Endosporium is characterized by subhyaline and dumbbell-shaped cells forming ellipsoidal to globose hyaline endoconidia and hyaline or light brown, cylindrical to ellipsoidal blastic conidia. Two species namely, Endosporium populi-tremuloides Tsuneda and E. aviarium Tsuneda are accommodated in the genus Endosporium. Endosporium populi-tremuloides is the type species of the genus and was found on the bud of Populus tremuloides. Cultures and sequences are available. Phylogenetic analyses using LSU, SSU and ITS sequences from GenBank strongly support placement of the genus Endosporium as an independent lineage (Fig. 1). It is not clear whether Endosporium should be in Myriangiales or not. The genus Endosporium is distinct from all species in the Dothideomycetes and is accommodated in a new family Endosporiaceae, order incertae sedis.
Figure 1 – Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on combined LSU SSU and ITS sequence data retrieved from the GenBank. Related sequences were referred to Tsuneda et al. 2008 and Jayawardene et al. 2014). Sixty-five taxa are included in the genes sequence analyses which comprise total 2581 characters after alignment. Dendographa decolorans (DUKE 0047570) is used as the out-group taxon. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis was conducted in the CIPRES Science Gateway V. 3.3. The best sorting RAxML tree with a final likelihood value of -20117.489107 is presented. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.255618, C = 0.221836, G = 0.277683, T = 0.244863; substitution rates AC = 1.219900, AG = 2.441823, AT= 1.343822, CG = 1.136438, CT = 6.322671, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α = 0.470888; proportion of invariant 0.356870. ML bootstrap values ≥ 50% are given as the first set of numbers and approximate likelihood-ratio test (aLRT) ≥ 0.90 values as the second set of numbers above the nodes. Voucher/strain numbers are given after the taxon names, the one from type material are indicated in bold face. Sequence of interest is indicated in red. The bar length indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
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