Xenomeris pruni
Xenomeris pruni Syd., in Sydow & Werdermann, Annls mycol. 22(1/2): 185 (1924).
Index Fungorum number: IF 432188; Facesoffungi number: FoF 12532, Fig. 1
Description:
Pathogenic on host. Hemi-biotrophic as small leaf spots 2 mm diam., dispersed, rarely confluent, amphigenous, flat, black, circular or irregular forming dark brown to black leaf spots. Sexual morph: Ascostromata 130–200 µm diam., 80–90 µm high, solitary, scattered, or in groups, superficial to sometimes semi-immersed, dark brown to black. Peridium 7–10 µm thick, composed of an inner layer of brown cells of textura angularis and outer layer of textura globulosa. Hamathecium composed of 1.5–2.5 µm of dense, anastomosing, branching cellular pseudo paraphyses. Asci 35–45 µm × 13–16 µm (x̅ = 43.5 × 14.9 µm, n = 10), 8-spored, bitunicate, clavate to subcylindrical, with a short, narrow pedicel, thickened and rounded at apex, with an indistinct ocular chamber. Ascospores 12–15 µm × 3–5 µm (x̅ = 12.3 × 3.2 µm, n = 10), 2-seriateto partially overlapping, hyaline to pale olivaceous brown when immature, pale brown when mature, ellipsoidal or cylindrical to clavate,uniseptate, conspicuously constricted at the septum, smooth and thick-walled, the lower cell slightly attenuated and rounded towards the base, the upper cell with a rounded apex. Asexual morph: Unknown.
Material examined: Spain, on leaves of Prunus lusitanica (Rosaceae), 17 May 1917, H. Sydow (GZU 000304418, holotype).
Fig. 1 Xenomeris pruni (GZU 000304418, holotype). a, b Herbarium material. c, d Appearance of ascomata on host surface. e Section of ascoma. f Peridium. g Pseudoparaphyses. h Immature ascus. i–l Mature asci. m–p Ascospores. Scale bars: c = 1 mm, d = 500 μm, e = 50 μm, f, g, m–p = 10 μm, h–l = 20 μm.
Importance and distribution
Xenomeris comprises eleven species known on Abies grandis (Pinaceae), Arceuthobium tsugense (Santalaceae), Arctostaphylos alpina (Ericaceae), Cavendishia sp. (Ericaceae), Eucalyptus robusta (Myrtaceae), Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae), Laurocerasus officinalis (Rosaceae), Pinus monticola (Pinaceae), Prunus lusitanica (Rosaceae), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Pinaceae) and Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Ericaceae). Xenomeris was reported from Africa (Canary Islands), Europe (Ukraine, United Kingdom), North America (Canada, The United States), Oceania (New Zealand) and South America (Ecuador, Venezuela).
References
Kirk PM, Stalpers JA, Braun U, Crous PW et al. 2013 – A without-prejudice list of generic names of fungi for protection under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. IMA Fungus 4, 381–443.
Lumbsch HT, Huhndorf SM. 2010 – Outline of Ascomycota–2009. Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences 1, 1–60.
Sivanesan A. 1984 – Acantharia, Gibbera and their anamorphs. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 82, 507–529.
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Al-Ani LKT, Tedersoo L et al. 2020 – Outline of Fungi and fungi-like taxa. Mycosphere 11, 1060–1456.
Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Rajeshkumar KC, Hawksworth DL et al. 2017– Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86, 1–594.
Winton LM, Stone JK, Hansen EM, Shoemaker RA. 2007 – The systematic position of Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii. Mycologia 99, 240–252.
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